An electrode comprising a conductive textile structure having an inner surface that is connected to one of an electrical power supply and an electrical ground; the conductive textile structure having an outer surface, the outer surface comprising a carbon nanotube (CNT) fiber fabric fixed thereon, the CNT fiber fabric having continuous CNT fiber on the outer surface, wherein the CNT fiber fabric comprises at least one of a CNT fiber, and is at least one of knitted, woven, sewn, and embroidered. The continuous CNT fiber may be a yarn, ribbon, or thread. The CNT fiber fabric includes at least one face having a looped or interlaced structure made from the continuous CNT fiber. The CNT fiber yarn, ribbon, or thread is knitted, woven, sewn, and/or embroidered so that at least one surface comprises a textile made with CNT fiber yarns, ribbons, or threads.

An elastic and conductive fiber includes a cladding with a channel and a conductor disposed therein. The cladding may be made of a thermoplastic elastomer. The conductive fiber includes an excess length of conductor disposed inside of the channel so that the conductive fiber can stretch without applying substantial strain to the conductor and without substantially changing the electrical resistance of the conductive fiber. The conductor inside of the channel may have a buckled shape or a helical shape.

An elastic and conductive fiber includes a cladding with a channel and a conductor disposed therein. The cladding may be made of a thermoplastic elastomer. The conductive fiber includes an excess length of conductor disposed inside of the channel so that the conductive fiber can stretch without applying substantial strain to the conductor and without substantially changing the electrical resistance of the conductive fiber. The conductor inside of the channel may have a buckled shape or a helical shape.

A polar plate is fabricated. The polar plate is flexible and made of a plastic graphite composite. No matter a supporting member is used for calendering or not, a thin polar plate with controllable thickness is fabricated. The polar plate is excellent in blocking the through-transmission of vanadium ions and the limit of blending ratio of conductive carbon is broken through. The longitudinal through-transmission volume resistivity (proportional resistance to thickness) is greatly improved by adjusting the blending ratio of conductive carbon for meeting the demand of conductivity. In the mean time, the present invention strengthens the rigidity required for the thin polar plate while providing large-area polar plate fabrication for industrial use and convenience and provides a cooling and pressing method for patterning a composite polar plate. An integrated mold is thus obtained to replace the conventional polar plate which needs to be processed and prepared with runner.

A polar plate is fabricated. The polar plate is flexible and made of a plastic graphite composite. No matter a supporting member is used for calendering or not, a thin polar plate with controllable thickness is fabricated. The polar plate is excellent in blocking the through-transmission of vanadium ions and the limit of blending ratio of conductive carbon is broken through. The longitudinal through-transmission volume resistivity (proportional resistance to thickness) is greatly improved by adjusting the blending ratio of conductive carbon for meeting the demand of conductivity. In the mean time, the present invention strengthens the rigidity required for the thin polar plate while providing large-area polar plate fabrication for industrial use and convenience and provides a cooling and pressing method for patterning a composite polar plate. An integrated mold is thus obtained to replace the conventional polar plate which needs to be processed and prepared with runner.

A system of fibre based temperature sensor integrated into abase fabric layer for a garment, the system comprising: a set of wall fibres interlaced with one another to form a first wall structure defining a first cavity along a length and a second wall structure defining a second cavity along the length, the set of wall fibres comprising nonconductive material; at least one conductive fibre miming along the length within each cavity, such that the set of wall fibres of the wall structures encloses each at least one conductive fibre in order to electrically insulate each at least one conductive fibre from an environment along the length external to the cavities; and a set of base fibres interlaced with one another to form the base fabric layer.

A system of fibre based temperature sensor integrated into abase fabric layer for a garment, the system comprising: a set of wall fibres interlaced with one another to form a first wall structure defining a first cavity along a length and a second wall structure defining a second cavity along the length, the set of wall fibres comprising nonconductive material; at least one conductive fibre miming along the length within each cavity, such that the set of wall fibres of the wall structures encloses each at least one conductive fibre in order to electrically insulate each at least one conductive fibre from an environment along the length external to the cavities; and a set of base fibres interlaced with one another to form the base fabric layer.

A sensor yarn (10) having a thread core (11) around which first and second conductors (12, 13) are helically wound. The two conductors (12, 13) are electrically insulated from each other and from the thread core (11). The two conductors (12, 13) form a capacitive component (15) together with the thread core (11). In one embodiment, the sensor yarn (10a) has a capacitance (Cl) per unit of length that changes in the direction of extent (E) of the sensor yarn. This can be accomplished by a change in the winding geometry of the first or second conductors (12, 13) or by a change of the relative permittivity (E) of the sensor yarn (10). In another embodiment, the sensor yarn (10b) has photosensitive material (30) and a length change is effected by an incident to the light (L). As a result of a length change or other deformation of the sensor yarn (10a, 10b), the total capacitance (CG) of the sensor yarn (10a, 10b) changes, which can be determined by means of an evaluating unit (17).

Embodiments relate to conductive textiles and methods of their production, as well as systems for electronically connecting devices through conductive textiles. An example textile comprises a first electrically conductive track; a second electrically conductive track; and at least one non-conductive portion. At least a portion of the first electrically conductive track overlaps or is in close proximity to at least a portion of the second electrically conductive track. At least said portions of the respective tracks are separated by an insulating material so that there is no electrical coupling between the first and second tracks.

An antibacterial yarn that includes a core yarn including a functional polymer that generates a charge by external energy and a first sheath yarn higher in hygroscopicity than the core yarn, the first sheath yarn covering at least a part of a periphery of the core yarn across an axial direction of the core yarn.