An alumina fiber aggregate that is formed of alumina short fibers and has been subjected to needling treatment, wherein the alumina short fibers have an average fiber diameter of 6.0 μm or more and 10.0 μm or less and a specific surface area of 0.2 m.sup.2/g or more and 1.0 m.sup.2/g or less, and a residual percentage (%) of high-temperature-cycle opened gap pressure of the alumina fiber aggregate is 45% or more. A value obtained by subtracting twice the standard error of a length-weighted geometric mean diameter of fiber diameters of the alumina short fibers from the length-weighted geometric mean diameter is 6.0 μm or more. A proportion of alumina short fibers having a fiber diameter of more than 10.0 μm is preferably 5.0% or less on a number basis.

Disclosed is a vehicular engine room manufacturing method wherein the engine room has excellent heat resistance and sound-absorbing characteristics, and scraps generated during the manufacturing process can be recycled. The vehicular engine room manufacturing method comprises the steps of: carding a thermoplastic fiber and a carbon fiber having a length of 10 to 150 mm and needle-punching the same, thereby forming a felt layer; applying heat and pressure to the felt layer, thereby forming a felt board; and applying heat to the felt board and shaping the same is formed in a desired shape.

Disclosed is a non-flammable thermal insulating composite substrate for motor vehicles including: a textile component constituted by a layer of needle-sewn non-woven fabric composed of a percentage of pre-oxidized polyacrylonitrile fiber included between 40% and 70%, preferably 58% and of the remaining percentage of polyethylene glycol-terephthalate fiber, the textile component having weight preferably 400 gr/m.sup.2; and a barrier fixed to the textile component using a spreading process, constituted by a thermoplastic resin based on low density polyethylene added with non-halogen flame retardants, the barrier having weight preferably 100 gr/m.sup.2. The composite substrate has the following features: a thickness included between 2 mm and 5 mm, preferably 3.8 mm; a weight included between 300 gr/m.sup.2 and 700 gr/m.sup.2, preferably 500 gr/m.sup.2; odorless; no emission of fumes; dimensionally stable, even at heatstroke, with a maximum variation of 1%; and non-flammability.

Aspects herein are directed to a recyclable, asymmetrical-faced composite nonwoven textile suitable for use in apparel and other articles and methods of making the same. In example aspects, the asymmetrical-faced composite nonwoven textile includes a first face formed, at least in part from a first entangled web of fibers and an opposite second face formed, at least in part from a second entangled web of fibers. When incorporated into an article of apparel, the first face forms an outer-facing surface of the article of apparel, and the second face forms an inner-facing surface of the article of apparel. The first face includes features making it suitable to form the outer-facing surface such as resistance to abrasion, and the second face includes features making it suitable to form an inner-facing surface such as a soft hand.

Aspects herein are directed to a recyclable, asymmetrical-faced composite nonwoven textile suitable for use in apparel and other articles and methods of making the same. In example aspects, the asymmetrical-faced composite nonwoven textile includes a first face formed, at least in part from a first entangled web of fibers and an opposite second face formed, at least in part from a second entangled web of fibers. When incorporated into an article of apparel, the first face forms an outer-facing surface of the article of apparel, and the second face forms an inner-facing surface of the article of apparel. The first face includes features making it suitable to form the outer-facing surface such as resistance to abrasion, and the second face includes features making it suitable to form an inner-facing surface such as a soft hand.

Aspects herein are directed to a recyclable, asymmetrical-faced composite nonwoven textile suitable for use in apparel and other articles and methods of making the same. In example aspects, the asymmetrical-faced composite nonwoven textile includes a first face formed, at least in part from a first entangled web of fibers and an opposite second face formed, at least in part from a second entangled web of fibers. When incorporated into an article of apparel, the first face forms an outer-facing surface of the article of apparel, and the second face forms an inner-facing surface of the article of apparel. The first face includes features making it suitable to form the outer-facing surface such as resistance to abrasion, and the second face includes features making it suitable to form an inner-facing surface such as a soft hand.

Aspects herein are directed to a recyclable, asymmetrical-faced composite nonwoven textile suitable for use in apparel and other articles and methods of making the same. In example aspects, the asymmetrical-faced composite nonwoven textile includes a first face formed, at least in part from a first entangled web of fibers and an opposite second face formed, at least in part from a second entangled web of fibers. When incorporated into an article of apparel, the first face forms an outer-facing surface of the article of apparel, and the second face forms an inner-facing surface of the article of apparel. The first face includes features making it suitable to form the outer-facing surface such as resistance to abrasion, and the second face includes features making it suitable to form an inner-facing surface such as a soft hand.

Aspects herein are directed to a composite nonwoven textile suitable for use in apparel and other articles that are resistant to pilling. The composite nonwoven textile may be finished by one or more of applying a chemical binder to a first face of the composite nonwoven textile and forming thermal bonding sites. The chemical binder and the thermal bonding sites help to secure fiber terminal ends and minimize the formation of pills.

Aspects herein are directed to a composite nonwoven textile suitable for use in apparel and other articles that are resistant to pilling. The composite nonwoven textile may be finished by one or more of applying a chemical binder to a first face of the composite nonwoven textile and forming thermal bonding sites. The chemical binder and the thermal bonding sites help to secure fiber terminal ends and minimize the formation of pills.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to a nonwoven textile that is sustainable and that sustainably manufactured. The subject matter may be sustainable in one or more respects. For example, the nonwoven textile may be manufactured from recycled materials. In other instances, the nonwoven textile is itself recyclable to produce additional or subsequent nonwoven articles. In addition, the manufacturing processes used to make the nonwoven textile may consume less energy than other manufacturing processes.