A launderable bactericidal and virucidal fabric finish formulation. The first component is a bactericidal and virucidal agent represented by formula (I):

##STR00001## wherein n is 7; R.sub.1, R.sub.2, and R.sub.3 are jointly or independently selected from H or one of the following groups:

##STR00002## wherein R.sub.4 is selected from CH.sub.3 or H; m is an integer from 2 to 10; p is an integer from 9 to 15; q is an integer from 2 to 10. A second component includes one or more crosslinkers and/or one or more catalysts. A third component includes one or more transition metal salts.

A method of making an antimicrobial textile comprising TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles is described. The TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles are immobilized by first treating a textile with a base, and then contacting with TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles in a solution of an alcohol and acid. The textile may be subsequently irradiated with UV light prior to use. The antimicrobial textile shows high effectiveness against the growth and proliferation of microorganisms transmitted within indoor environments.

A method of making an antimicrobial textile comprising TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles is described. The TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles are immobilized by first treating a textile with a base, and then contacting with TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles in a solution of an alcohol and acid. The textile may be subsequently irradiated with UV light prior to use. The antimicrobial textile shows high effectiveness against the growth and proliferation of microorganisms transmitted within indoor environments.

A method of making an antimicrobial textile comprising TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles is described. The TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles are immobilized by first treating a textile with a base, and then contacting with TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles in a solution of an alcohol and acid. The textile may be subsequently irradiated with UV light prior to use. The antimicrobial textile shows high effectiveness against the growth and proliferation of microorganisms transmitted within indoor environments.

A method of making an antimicrobial textile comprising TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles is described. The TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles are immobilized by first treating a textile with a base, and then contacting with TiO.sub.2 nanoparticles in a solution of an alcohol and acid. The textile may be subsequently irradiated with UV light prior to use. The antimicrobial textile shows high effectiveness against the growth and proliferation of microorganisms transmitted within indoor environments.

The present invention relates to a surfactant composition capable of making a liquid oil highly remain on the solid surface, which is a surfactant composition containing an anionic surfactant (A), a cationic surfactant (B), a liquid oil (C), and water, wherein the water constitutes a continuous phase; the following molar ratio R.sub.A is 0.25 or more and 0.60 or less; and the following molar ratio R.sub.b is 0.6 or more: R.sub.A: a molar ratio {(A)/[(A)+(B)]} of the amount of the anionic surfactant (A) to the total amount of the anionic surfactant (A) and the cationic surfactant (B) R.sub.b: a molar ratio {[(a1)+(b1)]/[(A)+(B)]} of the total amount of a branched-type anionic surfactant (a1) and a branched-type cationic surfactant (b1) to the total amount of the anionic surfactant (A) and the cationic surfactant (B).

The present invention relates to a surfactant composition capable of making a liquid oil highly remain on the solid surface, which is a surfactant composition containing an anionic surfactant (A), a cationic surfactant (B), a liquid oil (C), and water, wherein the water constitutes a continuous phase; the following molar ratio R.sub.A is 0.25 or more and 0.60 or less; and the following molar ratio R.sub.b is 0.6 or more: R.sub.A: a molar ratio {(A)/[(A)+(B)]} of the amount of the anionic surfactant (A) to the total amount of the anionic surfactant (A) and the cationic surfactant (B) R.sub.b: a molar ratio {[(a1)+(b1)]/[(A)+(B)]} of the total amount of a branched-type anionic surfactant (a1) and a branched-type cationic surfactant (b1) to the total amount of the anionic surfactant (A) and the cationic surfactant (B).

Methods of treating fibers comprising a polymer including at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety, and resulting fibers or the products comprising the resulting fibers are disclosed. In an example embodiment, a fiber having a surface region and an interior region, includes a polymer comprising at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety chemically modified with a modification agent. The fiber has a transverse cross-section including the interior region comprising the polymer having a first degree of modification and the surface region comprising the polymer having a second degree of modification greater than the first degree of modification.

Methods of treating fibers comprising a polymer including at least one of a vinyl acetate moiety or a vinyl alcohol moiety, and resulting fibers or the products comprising the resulting fibers are disclosed. In an example embodiment, a method of treating fibers includes contacting a surface of a fiber comprising the polymer with a modification agent to chemically modify at least a portion of the polymer with the modification agent in a region of the fiber comprising at least the surface of the fiber to form a modified fiber.

A coating fabric and method of manufacturing the same are provided. A coated fabric includes a base coating layer. The base coating layer defines a smooth coating to resist liquid penetration to the fabric. The coated fabric also includes a middle foam coating layer that is deposited on at least a portion of the base coating layer. The middle foam layer defines a middle layer foam density and is configured to absorb at least a portion of liquid. The coated fabric further includes an outer foam coating layer that is deposited on at least a portion of the middle foam coating later. The outer foam layer defines an outer layer foam density and is configured with holes to allow liquid to penetrate to the middle foam layer. The middle layer foam density is less than the outer layer foam density. A corresponding method of manufacturing is also provided.