Treatment compositions that include a surfactant system and an oligoamine, the surfactant system including linear alkyl benzene sulfonate. Related methods of use and preparation of such compositions.

A synergistic flame retardant composition comprising a phenolic compound comprising condensed tannin, hydrolysable tannin, lignin, cardanol, quercetin, catechin, epicatechin, anthocyanidin, catechol, dopamine, hydroxytyrosol, adrenaline, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, gallic acid, digallic acid, methyl gallate, ellagic acid, phloroglucinol, hexahydroxydiphenic acid, luteic acid, casuarictin, or a combination thereof; and a phosphorus-containing compound comprising a C.sub.5-7 carbocyclic polyol substituted with at least one phosphate group.

A method to reinforce a built structure, wherein an impregnation resin including a resin component including at least one epoxy resin and hardener component including at least one amine of the formula (I) is used to impregnate woven or stitched fabric, which is wrapped around and/or adhered onto built structure. The inventive method preferably serves to improve earthquake safety of buildings, as replacement for missing reinforcement inside concrete, for improvement of strength and ductility or for increase of payload of a built structure. It enables the application of an emission-free impregnation resin with low odour, which has a long open time and good penetration into the fabric, shows fast and reliable curing without tendency to blushing, and forms a dry, non-sticky surface. The cured impregnation resin has a high strength, a high glass transition temperature and good adhesion properties, enabling a good durability and long-term stability of the reinforced structure.

A method to reinforce a built structure, wherein an impregnation resin including a resin component including at least one epoxy resin and hardener component including at least one amine of the formula (I) is used to impregnate woven or stitched fabric, which is wrapped around and/or adhered onto built structure. The inventive method preferably serves to improve earthquake safety of buildings, as replacement for missing reinforcement inside concrete, for improvement of strength and ductility or for increase of payload of a built structure. It enables the application of an emission-free impregnation resin with low odour, which has a long open time and good penetration into the fabric, shows fast and reliable curing without tendency to blushing, and forms a dry, non-sticky surface. The cured impregnation resin has a high strength, a high glass transition temperature and good adhesion properties, enabling a good durability and long-term stability of the reinforced structure.

A wet sheet for cleaning includes multiple layers and is impregnated with a chemical solution. The wet sheet for cleaning includes outer layers which are made of hydrophobic fiber and which are each arranged on a front surface and a back surface, and an inner layer which is made of hydrophilic fiber and which is arranged between the outer layers. The inner layer is provided with a hydrophilic fiber inner layer with the hydrophilic fiber and a hydrophobic fiber inner layer with hydrophobic fiber. The hydrophobic fiber inner layer is adjacent to at least one of the outer layers. The inner layer includes pulp by 50 wt % or more, has a grammage of 20 to 75 g/m.sup.2, and occupies 20 to 70% of a total mass of the wet sheet for cleaning.

A wet sheet for cleaning includes multiple layers and is impregnated with a chemical solution. The wet sheet for cleaning includes outer layers which are made of hydrophobic fiber and which are each arranged on a front surface and a back surface, and an inner layer which is made of hydrophilic fiber and which is arranged between the outer layers. The inner layer is provided with a hydrophilic fiber inner layer with the hydrophilic fiber and a hydrophobic fiber inner layer with hydrophobic fiber. The hydrophobic fiber inner layer is adjacent to at least one of the outer layers. The inner layer includes pulp by 50 wt % or more, has a grammage of 20 to 75 g/m.sup.2, and occupies 20 to 70% of a total mass of the wet sheet for cleaning.

Described herein are molecular inks, methods for printing the molecular inks on flexible substrates, and methods for forming printed electronic elements, such as resistive heaters, force sensors, motion sensors, and devices that include these elements, such as force responsive conductive heaters. The methods include printing a molecular ink on a flexible substrate that is heated to 30? C. to 90? C. before and/or during the printing process and curing the substrate to produce a conductive pattern thereon. The molecular inks generally include a particle-fee metal-complex composition formulated from at least one metal complex and a solvent, and optionally, a conductive filler material, and/or surfactant.

Provided is a preparation method of a yeast cell immobilization medium, which comprises the following steps: (1) boiling a fiber material in boiling water and drying the fiber material; (2) soaking the fiber material in a surface modified aqueous solution with a concentration of 1-100 g/L, using hydrochloric acid to adjust a PH of the solution to 7.0, fully rinsing the fiber material in deionized water and drying the fiber material; (3) soaking the fiber material in a cross-linking agent aqueous solution with a concentration of 1-100 g/L, fully rinsing the fiber material in deionized water and drying the fiber material; and (4) attaching the fiber material to supporting framework. Also provided is the yeast cell immobilization medium prepared using the preparation method and a method for producing ethanol using the yeast cell immobilization medium.

Provided is a preparation method of a yeast cell immobilization medium, which comprises the following steps: (1) boiling a fiber material in boiling water and drying the fiber material; (2) soaking the fiber material in a surface modified aqueous solution with a concentration of 1-100 g/L, using hydrochloric acid to adjust a PH of the solution to 7.0, fully rinsing the fiber material in deionized water and drying the fiber material; (3) soaking the fiber material in a cross-linking agent aqueous solution with a concentration of 1-100 g/L, fully rinsing the fiber material in deionized water and drying the fiber material; and (4) attaching the fiber material to supporting framework. Also provided is the yeast cell immobilization medium prepared using the preparation method and a method for producing ethanol using the yeast cell immobilization medium.

Embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to conductive textiles that include a textile component with a plurality of fibers; and metal-organic frameworks associated with the fibers of the textile component in the form of a conductive network. Metal-organic frameworks may have a two-dimensional structure and a crystalline form. Metal-organic frameworks may be conformally coated on the fibers of the textile component. Additional embodiments of the present disclosure pertain to methods of sensing an analyte in a sample by exposing the sample to a conductive textile; and detecting the presence or absence of the analyte by detecting a change in a property of the conductive textile, and correlating the change in the property to the presence or absence of the analyte. The analyte in the sample may reversibly associate with the conductive textile. The association may also result in filtration, pre-concentration, and capture of the analyte by the conductive textile.