A surface covering for use as a moss covering or patch of grass via application to a surface or substrate. The surface covering provides a decorative and durable and easily maintained surface covering. The covering is fabricated using groups of fibers, such as metallic, plastic, or other material fibers, e.g., stainless steel fibers or strands available commercially as steel wool or the like. The fibers or strands provide a core of a body of each blade or piece of the surface covering, which is useful to replicate a blade of grass or moss or to mimic a strand of hair. Each body of the strands further includes an outer layer or coating, which can be formed by painting, e.g., with an epoxy or other useful material that may be colored, the mesh of metal fibers to provide a durable body with a desired look and feel.

To provide a fiber bundling agent containing: a vinyl ester resin (A) having an alkoxy polyoxyalkylene structure, a urethane bond, a (meth)acryloyl group, and an epoxy group; and an aqueous medium, in which the vinyl ester resin (A) has an epoxy equivalent of 3,500 g/eq to 11,000 g/eq. Since the fiber bundling agent is excellent in bundling properties and in interfacial shear strength between fiber resins, the fiber bundling agent is suitably used for production of a fiber material capable of imparting excellent strength to a molded product.

Provided are a composite material and a reinforced fiber. The composite material includes a fiber and a plurality of carbon nanotubes disposed on a surface of the fiber. The carbon nanotubes adhere directly to the surface of the fiber.

Provided are a composite material and a reinforced fiber. The composite material includes a fiber and a plurality of carbon nanotubes disposed on a surface of the fiber. The carbon nanotubes adhere directly to the surface of the fiber.

A method for producing a vehicle tire, having the following steps: a) providing textile reinforcing supports; b) providing a bath which is free of resorcin and formaldehyde by at least: b1) adding at least one carboxylic acid to water; b2) adding at least one base; b3) adding at least one epoxy compound; b4) adding at least one polyisocyanate compound; b5) adding at least one VP latex; and b6) mixing the substances from b1) to b5); c) dipping the reinforcing supports from step a) into the bath from step b); d) subsequently hot-stretching the dipped reinforcing supports from step c); and e) further processing the reinforcing supports from step d) in order to form a reinforcing support layer in a vehicle tire blank. A vehicle tire which is produced using the method and to the use of reinforcing supports treated in such a manner in technical rubber articles are also disclosed.

A method for producing a vehicle tire, having the following steps: a) providing textile reinforcing supports; b) providing a bath which is free of resorcin and formaldehyde by at least: b1) adding at least one carboxylic acid to water; b2) adding at least one base; b3) adding at least one epoxy compound; b4) adding at least one polyisocyanate compound; b5) adding at least one VP latex; and b6) mixing the substances from b1) to b5); c) dipping the reinforcing supports from step a) into the bath from step b); d) subsequently hot-stretching the dipped reinforcing supports from step c); and e) further processing the reinforcing supports from step d) in order to form a reinforcing support layer in a vehicle tire blank. A vehicle tire which is produced using the method and to the use of reinforcing supports treated in such a manner in technical rubber articles are also disclosed.

A fiber sizing agent includes: a vinyl ester resin (A) having an alkoxy polyoxyalkylene structure and a urethane bond; and an aqueous medium. The fiber sizing agent has excellent fiber sizing properties for various fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers. A molded article obtained from a molding material including the fiber sizing agent is excellent in various physical properties such as bending strength, compressive strength, and interlaminar shear strength, and thus can be used, for example, for an automobile member, an aircraft member, a windmill member, and an industrial member.

A sizing agent for carbon fiber includes component (A), component (B), and component (C), in which the component (A) is at least one selected from the group consisting of component (A-1), component (A-2), and component (A-3); the component (A-1) is a urethane compound having a structure of Formula (1-1) in the molecule, the component (A-2) is an ester compound having a structure represented by Formula (1-2) in the molecule, the component (A-3) is an amide compound having a structure of Formula (1-3) in the molecule; the component (B) is an epoxy compound selected from the group consisting of an epoxy compound represented by Formula (2), an epoxy compound represented by Formula (3), and an epoxy compound represented by Formula (4); and the component (C) is a bisphenol type epoxy compound.

A sizing agent for carbon fiber includes component (A), component (B), and component (C), in which the component (A) is at least one selected from the group consisting of component (A-1), component (A-2), and component (A-3); the component (A-1) is a urethane compound having a structure of Formula (1-1) in the molecule, the component (A-2) is an ester compound having a structure represented by Formula (1-2) in the molecule, the component (A-3) is an amide compound having a structure of Formula (1-3) in the molecule; the component (B) is an epoxy compound selected from the group consisting of an epoxy compound represented by Formula (2), an epoxy compound represented by Formula (3), and an epoxy compound represented by Formula (4); and the component (C) is a bisphenol type epoxy compound.

Materials and pipes made from woven, knit, spun or braided fiber threads that provide high tensile strength and caustic resistance. A fibrous material, made from a substance such as fiberglass or basalt, is bound to an epoxy resin, which is cured to create a durable material that can be used in several applications, including applications involving high heat and caustic materials.