Botulinum toxin for use in treating arrhythmia in a patient in need thereof is provided. The treatment comprises administering botulinum toxin to the patient. Botulinum toxin may be administered by subcutaneous or intradermal injection. The subcutaneous or intradermal injection may be administered to and/or around the vicinity of a trigeminal nerve, a cervical nerve, a thoracic nerve, a lumbar nerve, and/or a sacral nerve of the patient.

In some embodiments provided herein is a method of treating pain, the method comprising administering into the subject a pharmaceutical composition comprising multivesicular liposomes encapsulating bupivacaine phosphate, said multivesicular liposomes comprising bupivacaine or a salt thereof; phosphoric acid; a lipid component comprising at least one amphipathic lipid and at least one neutral lipid lacking a hydrophilic head group.

The present invention relates to the medical field, in particular to the enhancement of brain performances and for the treatment of pathological stress. More specifically the present invention relates to a nanoparticle or nanoparticles' aggregate for use in enhancing brain performances or in prevention or treatment of pathological stress in a subject without exposure of the nanoparticle or nanoparticles' aggregate to an electric field, and preferably without exposure thereof to any other external activation source, wherein the nanoparticle's or nanoparticles' aggregate's material is selected from a conductor material, a semiconductor material, an insulator material with a dielectric constant ε.sub.ijk equal to or above (200), and an insulator material with a dielectric constant ε.sub.ijk equal to or below (100). It further relates to compositions and kits comprising such nanoparticles and/or nanoparticles' aggregates as well as to uses thereof without exposure thereof to an electric field, and preferably without exposure thereof to any other external activation source such as a light source, a magnetic field, or an ultrasound source.

This disclosure provides mixtures of beta-cyclodextrin molecules substituted at one or more hydroxyl positions by hydroxypropyl groups, the mixture optionally including unsubstituted beta-cyclodextrin molecules, for use as a pharmaceutically active ingredient; methods of making such mixtures; methods of qualifying such mixtures for use in a pharmaceutical composition suitable for intrathecal or intracerebroventricular administration; pharmaceutical compositions suitable for intrathecal or intracerebroventricular administration comprising such mixtures; and methods of using the pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of Niemann-Pick disease Type C.

Methods of treating neuropathic pain in spinal cord injured individuals by administering levetiracetam or brivaracetam are described.

This disclosure provides mixtures of beta-cyclodextrin molecules substituted at one or more hydroxyl positions by hydroxypropyl groups, the mixture optionally including unsubstituted beta-cyclodextrin molecules, for use as a pharmaceutically active ingredient; methods of making such mixtures; methods of qualifying such mixtures for use in a pharmaceutical composition suitable for intrathecal or intracerebroventricular administration; pharmaceutical compositions suitable for intrathecal or intracerebroventricular administration comprising such mixtures; and methods of using the pharmaceutical compositions for treatment of Niemann-Pick disease Type C.

The present disclosure relates to the use of SIRT1 expression to identify a subject that is conducive to treatment with a miR-485 inhibitor. In some aspects, the subject suffers from a disease or disorder associated with reduced SIRT1 expression. In some aspects, the SIRT1 expression is measured in the serum of the subject.

Disclosed are various methods and systems for increasing the permeability of cerebral capillaries. Increased permeability is accomplished via stretching means, inflaming means, overtaxing means, underoxygenating means, and/or immunocompromising means. Preferred stretching means include vasoconstrictors and cardiostimulators. Preferred inflaming means include electromagnetic fields and sonic waves. Preferred overtaxing means include xenon administration. Preferred underoxygenating means include airway-regulated oxygen deprivation. Preferred immunocompromising means include immunosuppressants and ionizing radiation. Also disclosed are processes for subsequently normalizing the permeability of cerebral capillaries. All disclosed means/processes can be selectively grouped, that is, combined or omitted, in accordance with the invention. By implementing the methods and systems invented, practitioners will be capable of opening (and closing) the blood-brain barrier, in which event therapeutic and diagnostic agents can enter the central nervous system and can act upon neurovascular-protected brain tissue.

This disclosure relates to hydrogel compositions with isolated mitochondria suspended therein. The compositions are for providing protection to injured tissue, as well as tissue proximal to a site of injury. The hydrogel provides structural support while the mitochondria are able to prevent or slow cellular death. In some aspects, the compositions include N-acetylcysteine amide and/or acetyl-L-carnitine.

Disclosed are formulations for providing a therapeutic bioactive polypeptide to injured tissue. Formulations include mineral coated microparticles wherein a polynucleotide is adsorbed to the mineral layer. Other formulations include a carrier including mineral coated microparticles wherein mineral coated microparticles include a polynucleotide. Also disclosed are methods for sustained delivery of a bioactive polypeptide and methods for treating chronic wounds using a formulation for providing sustained delivery of the bioactive peptide.