The present invention relates to the anti-convulsant activity of turmeric oil and its volatile bisabolene sesquiterpenoids ar- turmerone, α-turmerone, β-turmerone (curlone) and α-atlantone, as an anticonvulsant agent for the treatment of epilepsy and/or as therapeutic agents for the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, including tremor, pain, mood disorders (including depression, bipolar disorder, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, and schizophrenia), and neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods for reducing MSK1 levels in a plurality of cells are disclosed. For example, the methods include providing to the cells a curcumin composition that is at least 5% curcumin III. Methods for inhibiting MSK1 serine.sup.376 phosphorylation in a plurality of cells are also disclosed, which include providing to the cells a curcumin composition that is at least 5% curcumin III. In addition, methods for ameliorating inflammation in a subject are disclosed, which include providing to a subject a curcumin composition that is at least 5% curcumin III. Still further, methods for ameliorating symptoms in a subject having glucocorticoid-resistant inflammatory disease are disclosed, which include providing to a subject a curcumin composition that is at least 5% curcumin III. In addition, compositions are disclosed that include a curcumin composition consisting of at least 5% curcumin III; glucocorticoids; and a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, filler, or carrier.

Methods for reducing MSK1 levels in a plurality of cells are disclosed. For example, the methods include providing to the cells a curcumin composition that is at least 5% curcumin III. Methods for inhibiting MSK1 serine.sup.376 phosphorylation in a plurality of cells are also disclosed, which include providing to the cells a curcumin composition that is at least 5% curcumin III. In addition, methods for ameliorating inflammation in a subject are disclosed, which include providing to a subject a curcumin composition that is at least 5% curcumin III. Still further, methods for ameliorating symptoms in a subject having glucocorticoid-resistant inflammatory disease are disclosed, which include providing to a subject a curcumin composition that is at least 5% curcumin III. In addition, compositions are disclosed that include a curcumin composition consisting of at least 5% curcumin III; glucocorticoids; and a pharmaceutically acceptable solvent, filler, or carrier.

The present invention relates to methods and agents useful for the treatment of stroke, including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. In particular, methods and agents for treating stroke in a subject are provided, wherein the agent is administered prior to diagnosis of the stroke as an ischemic stroke or a hemorrhagic stroke.

The present invention relates to methods and agents useful for the treatment of stroke, including ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. In particular, methods and agents for treating stroke in a subject are provided, wherein the agent is administered prior to diagnosis of the stroke as an ischemic stroke or a hemorrhagic stroke.

The present specification discloses pharmaceutical compositions, methods of preparing such pharmaceutical compositions, and methods and uses of treating a chronic inflammation and/or an inflammatory disease in an individual using such pharmaceutical compositions.

The present specification discloses pharmaceutical compositions, methods of preparing such pharmaceutical compositions, and methods and uses of treating a chronic inflammation and/or an inflammatory disease in an individual using such pharmaceutical compositions.

A dihydroxyacetone fortified honey composition, including a mixture of honey and dissolved dihydroxyacetone in a preferred honey to dissolved dihydroxyacetone ratio of 0.5 ml-20 ml of dissolved dihydroxyacetone to each kilogram of honey, wherein the mixture has a moisture content of between one and twenty percent, and wherein the mixture contains a preferred amount of methylglyoxal of between 83 milligrams of methylglyoxal per 1.0 kilogram of honey and 1500 milligrams of methylglyoxal per 1.0 kilogram of honey.

A dihydroxyacetone fortified honey composition, including a mixture of honey and dissolved dihydroxyacetone in a preferred honey to dissolved dihydroxyacetone ratio of 0.5 ml-20 ml of dissolved dihydroxyacetone to each kilogram of honey, wherein the mixture has a moisture content of between one and twenty percent, and wherein the mixture contains a preferred amount of methylglyoxal of between 83 milligrams of methylglyoxal per 1.0 kilogram of honey and 1500 milligrams of methylglyoxal per 1.0 kilogram of honey.

The present invention provides a novel dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase inhibitor which is applicable to various diseases. When used as an active ingredient, a compound represented by formula (I): ##STR00001##
(wherein X represents a halogen atom, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, R.sup.2 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 7 carbon atoms, R.sup.3 represents —CHO, and R.sup.4 represents —CH.sub.2—CH═C(CH.sub.3)—R.sup.0 (wherein R.sup.0 represents an alkyl group containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a substituent on the terminal carbon and/or on a non-terminal carbon, etc.)),
an optical isomer thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof has a high inhibitory effect on dihydroorotic acid dehydrogenase and can be used as an immunosuppressive agent, a therapeutic agent for rheumatism, an anticancer agent, a therapeutic agent for graft rejection, an antiviral agent, an anti-H. pylori agent, a therapeutic agent for diabetes or the like.