Disclosed are fibers comprising identification fibers which can be used for tracking and tracing fibers, yarns, fiber bands, and/or articles comprising the fibers through at least part of the supply chain. Each identification fiber exhibits at least one distinct feature. Each group of distinguishable identification fibers can exhibit a taggant cross-section shape, a taggant cross-section size, or combination of the same taggant cross-section shape and same taggant cross-section size. The distinct features and the number of fibers in each group of distinguishable identification fibers can represent at least one supply chain component of the fibers. The distinct features can be detectable in an article comprising the fibers.

Disclosed are fibers comprising identification fibers which can be used for tracking and tracing fibers, yarns, fiber bands, and/or articles comprising the fibers through at least part of the supply chain. Each identification fiber exhibits at least one distinct feature. Each group of distinguishable identification fibers can exhibit a taggant cross-section shape, a taggant cross-section size, or combination of the same taggant cross-section shape and same taggant cross-section size. The distinct features and the number of fibers in each group of distinguishable identification fibers can represent at least one supply chain component of the fibers. The distinct features can be detectable in an article comprising the fibers.

A sheet manufacturing apparatus includes a web forming section that accumulates a feedstock containing fibers in a gas to form a second web, an arranging section that arranges a magnetic body on the second web while the second web is transported, and a processing section that processes the second web on which the magnetic body is arranged into a sheet.

A sheet manufacturing apparatus includes a web forming section that accumulates a feedstock containing fibers in a gas to form a second web, an arranging section that arranges a magnetic body on the second web while the second web is transported, and a processing section that processes the second web on which the magnetic body is arranged into a sheet.

A semi-transparent security element which upon viewing in incident light and in transmitted light has different colors, comprises either (a) a transparent carrier substrate having a front side and a back side. The front side has a metallic layer V-a dyed in a first color, obtainable by printing technology by means of dyed metal pigments. The back side has an ink layer appearing in a second color R-a and a metallic layer R-b dyed in a first color, obtainable by printing technology by means of dyed metal pigments; or (b) a transparent carrier substrate having a front side and a back side. The front side has a semi-transparent metallic layer V-A and an ink layer appearing in a first color V-B and the back side has an ink layer R-A appearing in a second color, a semi-transparent metallic layer R-B and an ink layer R-C appearing in a first color.

A semi-transparent security element which upon viewing in incident light and in transmitted light has different colors, comprises either (a) a transparent carrier substrate having a front side and a back side. The front side has a metallic layer V-a dyed in a first color, obtainable by printing technology by means of dyed metal pigments. The back side has an ink layer appearing in a second color R-a and a metallic layer R-b dyed in a first color, obtainable by printing technology by means of dyed metal pigments; or (b) a transparent carrier substrate having a front side and a back side. The front side has a semi-transparent metallic layer V-A and an ink layer appearing in a first color V-B and the back side has an ink layer R-A appearing in a second color, a semi-transparent metallic layer R-B and an ink layer R-C appearing in a first color.

In order to increase the security of value or security documents 100, a multi-luminescent security element 400 is provided which contains at least one first luminescence means 510 and at least one second luminescence means 520. The first luminescence means 510 can be excited under first excitation conditions Sp-1 for the purpose of luminescence, and the second luminescence means 520 can be excited under second excitation conditions Sp-2 for the purpose of luminescence, said second excitation conditions Sp-2 differing from the first excitation conditions Sp-1. The multi-luminescent security element 400 is additionally equipped with at least one absorber means 600 which prevents an excitation of the at least one first luminescence means 510 under the second excitation conditions Sp-2 for the purpose of luminescence.

In order to increase the security of value or security documents 100, a multi-luminescent security element 400 is provided which contains at least one first luminescence means 510 and at least one second luminescence means 520. The first luminescence means 510 can be excited under first excitation conditions Sp-1 for the purpose of luminescence, and the second luminescence means 520 can be excited under second excitation conditions Sp-2 for the purpose of luminescence, said second excitation conditions Sp-2 differing from the first excitation conditions Sp-1. The multi-luminescent security element 400 is additionally equipped with at least one absorber means 600 which prevents an excitation of the at least one first luminescence means 510 under the second excitation conditions Sp-2 for the purpose of luminescence.

A sheet material having a security device applied over a paper machine made or soft-edged through-hole and a method for preparing such a sheet material is provided. The through-hole(s) is formed in a forming fibrous web before it becomes sufficiently consolidated and then the security device is applied onto the fibrous web and preferably over the through-hole(s) at or near a couch roll or similar tool of a paper machine when the fibrous web constitutes a sufficiently consolidated, fully formed wet web. Moreover, papers made in accordance with the inventive method, when subjected to the Circulation Simulation Test, showed minimal damage at the paper/security device interface. Further, the surface-applied security devices showed acceptable levels of intaglio ink adhesion, and the papers had higher cross-direction (CD) tensile strength and much less show-through on opposing sides thereof.

Disclosed are fibers which contain identification fibers. The identification fibers can contain a one or more of chemical markers and one or more distinct features, or taggants, which may vary among the fibers or be incorporated throughout all of the fibers. The chemical markers and distinct features can be representative of specific supply chain information. The supply chain information can be used to track the fibers from manufacturing through intermediaries, conversion to final product, and/or the consumer. The disclosed embodiments also relate to the method for making and characterizing the fibers. Characterization of the fibers can include identifying chemical markers and distinct features and correlating the chemical markers and distinct features to manufacturer-specific taggants to determine supply chain information.