Zwitterionic surfactant compounds and their use in connection with absorbent paper manufacture in debonder and softener formulations. An exemplary surfactant is an imidazolinium compound of formula: ##STR00001## wherein X is SO.sub.3, R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl spacer group having a chain length of from 2-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; and R.sup.3 is an alkenylamidoalkyl moiety having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

Zwitterionic surfactant compounds and their use in connection with absorbent paper manufacture in debonder and softener formulations. An exemplary surfactant is an imidazolinium compound of formula: ##STR00001## wherein X is SO.sub.3, R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl spacer group having a chain length of from 2-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; and R.sup.3 is an alkenylamidoalkyl moiety having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

An accumulating unit that discharges fibers by rotating a drum unit in which a plurality of openings are formed, a second web forming unit that forms a second web by operating a mesh belt, a sheet forming unit that forms a sheet from the second web, and a control unit that performs a start control for operating the accumulating unit and the second web forming unit from the stop state are included. In a case where the start control is performed from a state where the fibers are present in the drum unit, the control unit adjusts a thickness of the second web by controlling at least one of a timing at which rotation of the drum unit is initiated, a rotational speed of the drum unit, a timing at which movement of the mesh belt is initiated, and a movement speed of the mesh belt.

An accumulating unit that discharges fibers by rotating a drum unit in which a plurality of openings are formed, a second web forming unit that forms a second web by operating a mesh belt, a sheet forming unit that forms a sheet from the second web, and a control unit that performs a start control for operating the accumulating unit and the second web forming unit from the stop state are included. In a case where the start control is performed from a state where the fibers are present in the drum unit, the control unit adjusts a thickness of the second web by controlling at least one of a timing at which rotation of the drum unit is initiated, a rotational speed of the drum unit, a timing at which movement of the mesh belt is initiated, and a movement speed of the mesh belt.

Methods of and systems for controlling dosing of drainage aid and optionally defoamer to brown stock of a brown stock washing process are provided. Certain embodiments of the invention provide independent control of drainage aid and/or defoamer to brown stock, which tends to provide improved efficiency in dosing each of the drainage aid and the defoamer.

Methods of and systems for controlling dosing of drainage aid and optionally defoamer to brown stock of a brown stock washing process are provided. Certain embodiments of the invention provide independent control of drainage aid and/or defoamer to brown stock, which tends to provide improved efficiency in dosing each of the drainage aid and the defoamer.

Zwitterionic surfactant compounds and their use in connection with absorbent paper manufacture in debonder and softener formulations. An exemplary surfactant is an imidazolinium compound of formula:

##STR00001##

wherein X is SO.sub.3, R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl spacer group having a chain length of from 2-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; and R.sup.3 is an alkenylamidoalkyl moiety having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

Zwitterionic surfactant compounds and their use in connection with absorbent paper manufacture in debonder and softener formulations. An exemplary surfactant is an imidazolinium compound of formula:

##STR00001##

wherein X is SO.sub.3, R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl spacer group having a chain length of from 2-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; and R.sup.3 is an alkenylamidoalkyl moiety having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

Zwitterionic surfactant compounds and their use in connection with absorbent paper manufacture in debonder and softener formulations. An exemplary surfactant is an imidazolinium compound of formula: ##STR00001##
wherein X is SO.sub.3, R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl spacer group having a chain length of from 2-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; and R.sup.3 is an alkenylamidoalkyl moiety having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.

Zwitterionic surfactant compounds and their use in connection with absorbent paper manufacture in debonder and softener formulations. An exemplary surfactant is an imidazolinium compound of formula: ##STR00001##
wherein X is SO.sub.3, R.sup.1 is a hydrocarbyl spacer group having a chain length of from 2-6 carbon atoms, R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group having from 8 to 22 carbon atoms; and R.sup.3 is an alkenylamidoalkyl moiety having from 8 to 30 carbon atoms.