The invention pertains to the use of soluble sodium in the manufacture of a composition or kit of parts for (therapeutically) improving and prolonging blood plasma uridine levels and tissue availability of uridine, and/or for treating or preventing impaired blood plasma uridine levels and tissue availability of uridine, and/or for preventing/treating disorders associated with impaired blood plasma and tissue availability of uridine, in a mammal, preferably a human being, by orally co-administering soluble sodium and uridine in a molar ratio of soluble sodium to uridine of more than 1:1, preferably more than 1.5:1, more preferably more than 2:1, even more preferably at least 2.5:1, even more preferably at least 2.8:1, more preferably 3:1-15:1, most preferably 3:1-10:1, particularly 3:1-5:1.

The invention pertains to the use of soluble sodium in the manufacture of a composition or kit of parts for (therapeutically) improving and prolonging blood plasma uridine levels and tissue availability of uridine, and/or for treating or preventing impaired blood plasma uridine levels and tissue availability of uridine, and/or for preventing/treating disorders associated with impaired blood plasma and tissue availability of uridine, in a mammal, preferably a human being, by orally co-administering soluble sodium and uridine in a molar ratio of soluble sodium to uridine of more than 1:1, preferably more than 1.5:1, more preferably more than 2:1, even more preferably at least 2.5:1, even more preferably at least 2.8:1, more preferably 3:1-15:1, most preferably 3:1-10:1, particularly 3:1-5:1.

Disclosed herein are prenatal dosage forms formulated for different stages of the pregnancy cycle. Also disclosed are methods of administering prenatal dosage forms to a prenatal, pregnant or lactating woman. Further disclosed are kits including prenatal dosage forms.

Disclosed herein are prenatal dosage forms formulated for different stages of the pregnancy cycle. Also disclosed are methods of administering prenatal dosage forms to a prenatal, pregnant or lactating woman. Further disclosed are kits including prenatal dosage forms.

Disclosed herein are prenatal dosage forms formulated for different stages of the pregnancy cycle. Also disclosed are methods of administering prenatal dosage forms to a prenatal, pregnant or lactating woman. Further disclosed are kits including prenatal dosage forms.

Disclosed are sterile aqueous choline salt compositions, their preparation, and methods of use. Also disclosed are methods to treat choline deficiency, intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD), and fatty liver disease. Additionally disclosed is a method of synthesis of choline salts.

Disclosed are sterile aqueous choline salt compositions, their preparation, and methods of use. Also disclosed are methods to treat choline deficiency, intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD), and fatty liver disease. Additionally disclosed is a method of synthesis of choline salts.

A human dietary supplement comprises theacrine and optionally other compounds that modulate the effects of theacrine. Uses for the theacrine-containing supplement include improvement of at least one of mood, energy, focus, concentration or sexual desire or a reduction of at least one of anxiety or fatigue. A synergistic composition comprises co-administration of theacrine and caffeine, wherein the co-administered caffeine reduces theacrine oral clearance (CL/F) and oral volume of distribution (Vd/F). In addition, the co-administered caffeine increases area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) of theacrine, and increases theacrine maximum plasma concentration (C.sub.max) in comparison with the corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters when theacrine is administered alone.

A human dietary supplement comprises theacrine and optionally other compounds that modulate the effects of theacrine. Uses for the theacrine-containing supplement include improvement of at least one of mood, energy, focus, concentration or sexual desire or a reduction of at least one of anxiety or fatigue. A synergistic composition comprises co-administration of theacrine and caffeine, wherein the co-administered caffeine reduces theacrine oral clearance (CL/F) and oral volume of distribution (Vd/F). In addition, the co-administered caffeine increases area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) of theacrine, and increases theacrine maximum plasma concentration (C.sub.max) in comparison with the corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters when theacrine is administered alone.

A human dietary supplement comprises theacrine and optionally other compounds that modulate the effects of theacrine. Uses for the theacrine-containing supplement include improvement of at least one of mood, energy, focus, concentration or sexual desire or a reduction of at least one of anxiety or fatigue. A synergistic composition comprises co-administration of theacrine and caffeine, wherein the co-administered caffeine reduces theacrine oral clearance (CL/F) and oral volume of distribution (Vd/F). In addition, the co-administered caffeine increases area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC) of theacrine, and increases theacrine maximum plasma concentration (C.sub.max) in comparison with the corresponding pharmacokinetic parameters when theacrine is administered alone.