The present invention relates to methods and compositions for enhancing expression from RNA expression vectores. The invention is based upon the observation that reducing the frequency of the dinucleotide CpG and UpA has a significant effect on expression from such vectores. Aspects of the invention include, amongst others, synthetic RNA vectores, virions, cells, methods of producing vaccines and methods of treatment or immunisation.

The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for ablating epithelial cells, in particular to methods for ablating Sertoli cells in testis, and methods related thereto. In particular, the present disclosure relates to methods for ablating Sertoli and other cells in the testis using benzalkonium chloride, to methods for rescuing endogenous spermatogenesis in a subject suffering from Sertoli cell dysfunction, to methods of reconstructing spermatogenesis, to methods of treating infertility, and to methods for the selective depletion of epithelial cells in a tissue and for the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with damaged epithelial cells.

The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for ablating epithelial cells, in particular to methods for ablating Sertoli cells in testis, and methods related thereto. In particular, the present disclosure relates to methods for ablating Sertoli and other cells in the testis using benzalkonium chloride, to methods for rescuing endogenous spermatogenesis in a subject suffering from Sertoli cell dysfunction, to methods of reconstructing spermatogenesis, to methods of treating infertility, and to methods for the selective depletion of epithelial cells in a tissue and for the treatment of diseases or disorders associated with damaged epithelial cells.

A biofilm disrupting composition for use on chronic wounds comprising (i) at least one biologically acceptable thiol based antioxidant (ii) at least one biofilm disruptor and (iii) at least one biocide. Also disclosed is a process of preparing the composition. Also disclosed is the use of the composition for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a chronic wound, and a method of treating a chronic wound in a patient comprising administering the biofilm disrupting composition.

A biofilm disrupting composition for use on chronic wounds comprising (i) at least one biologically acceptable thiol based antioxidant (ii) at least one biofilm disruptor and (iii) at least one biocide. Also disclosed is a process of preparing the composition. Also disclosed is the use of the composition for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a chronic wound, and a method of treating a chronic wound in a patient comprising administering the biofilm disrupting composition.

Methods for treating Wilson Disease with bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate therapy are provided. The methods may include administering 15 mg or between 30 and 90 mg of bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate once daily to a patient exhibiting NCC corrected, alamine aminotransferase (ALT), hemoglobin, platelets, or neutrophils levels meeting specified criteria. The methods may include modifying treatment by decreasing or increasing the daily dose of bis-choline tetrathiomolybdate or discontinuing treatment for a period of time.

The object of the present invention is to potentiate the photodynamic effect in ALA-PDT and ALA-PDD. The present invention provides a pharmaceutical related to a combination of ALAs and a dynamin inhibitor.

The object of the present invention is to potentiate the photodynamic effect in ALA-PDT and ALA-PDD. The present invention provides a pharmaceutical related to a combination of ALAs and a dynamin inhibitor.

The present invention includes compositions and methods for treating certain conditions, the composition at least two active agents selected from: a choline compound; a cholinergic agonist; an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (also referred to as a cholinesterase inhibitor); and a carnitine, in an amount effective to treat at least one of a connective tissue disorder, compression of or damage to any portion of a preganglionic or postganglionic vagus nerve, autonomic neuropathy, post-viral and post-infective autonomic dysfunction, post-traumatic autonomic dysfunction, physical trauma or mental/emotional trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a genetic disorder of an acetylcholine cycle, inflammatory autonomic dysfunction, post-COVID (“Long-haulers”) or Post-Acute Sequelae SARS-CoV-2, or inflammatory Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS).

The present invention includes compositions and methods for treating certain conditions, the composition at least two active agents selected from: a choline compound; a cholinergic agonist; an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (also referred to as a cholinesterase inhibitor); and a carnitine, in an amount effective to treat at least one of a connective tissue disorder, compression of or damage to any portion of a preganglionic or postganglionic vagus nerve, autonomic neuropathy, post-viral and post-infective autonomic dysfunction, post-traumatic autonomic dysfunction, physical trauma or mental/emotional trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a genetic disorder of an acetylcholine cycle, inflammatory autonomic dysfunction, post-COVID (“Long-haulers”) or Post-Acute Sequelae SARS-CoV-2, or inflammatory Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS).