A dietary supplement or pharmaceutical formulation of Mecuna pruriens and/or L-DOPA, and 5-hydroxy-tryptophan (5-HTP) in an extended release carrier; and administration of the dietary supplement or pharmaceutical formulation to reduce stress or anxiety, improve mood, improve sleep, improve focus or concentration, reduce alcohol or drug cravings, or reduce sugar cravings.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for the treatment of cancer by modulating the microbiome to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. The microbiome may be modulated by the administration of butyrate and/or butyrate-producing bacteria. Also provided herein are methods of determining a response to an immune checkpoint inhibitor by identifying if a subject has a favorable microbial profile.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for the treatment of cancer by modulating the microbiome to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. The microbiome may be modulated by the administration of butyrate and/or butyrate-producing bacteria. Also provided herein are methods of determining a response to an immune checkpoint inhibitor by identifying if a subject has a favorable microbial profile.

The present invention relates to a compound isolated from Torilidis Fructus, and an anticancer pharmaceutical composition containing same as an active ingredient, wherein the compound of the present invention has effects of reducing the viability of various types of cancer cells, having no effect on the cell viability of normal cells and reducing the tumor size and weight of lung cancer and colorectal cancer when used in an animal model. Therefore, the compound according to the present invention can be usefully used in anticancer drugs or health functional food industries.

There is disclosed compositions and methods for treating and preventing Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) including ARDS caused by viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin such as coronaviruses. The present disclosure is based on a surprising discovery of significant efficacy in an acute lung injury model using intrapulmonary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in female CD-I mice. Based on these data, the test compound, denatonium acetate monohydrate (DA) (1) treats or prevents ARDS and, (2) treats severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a coronavirus. Therefore, the data achieved in these studies does have a story to tell and the story is that a DA pharmaceutical composition, administered orally, provided a method to treat or prevent ARDS and treat SARS. Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition for daily administration comprises DA delivering a daily total dose of from about 20 mg to about 2000 mg to a human adult.

There is disclosed compositions and methods for treating and preventing Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) including ARDS caused by viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin such as coronaviruses. The present disclosure is based on a surprising discovery of significant efficacy in an acute lung injury model using intrapulmonary lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in female CD-I mice. Based on these data, the test compound, denatonium acetate monohydrate (DA) (1) treats or prevents ARDS and, (2) treats severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a coronavirus. Therefore, the data achieved in these studies does have a story to tell and the story is that a DA pharmaceutical composition, administered orally, provided a method to treat or prevent ARDS and treat SARS. Preferably, the pharmaceutical composition for daily administration comprises DA delivering a daily total dose of from about 20 mg to about 2000 mg to a human adult.

The present invention provides a method of suppressing hunger by lowering plasma ghrelin levels comprising administration of a compound to a human or animal body, wherein the compound is selected from: (i) (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; (ii) an ester of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate; and (iii) an oligomer of (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate moieties; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof. The invention also provides a method of administering such a compound in a dosage effective to reduce hunger in order that a cosmetically beneficial loss or maintenance of body weight occurs, wherein in the method, plasma ghrelin levels are lowered. The aforementioned compound is also provided for use in a method of treatment of the human or animal body wherein the compound is administered and hunger is suppressed by lowering of plasma ghrelin levels. The compound is particularly useful for subjects having conditions associated with overeating, such as overweight, obese, severely obese patients or diabetic patients.

The invention generally relates to keto ester compositions and methods for using the compositions. In one aspect, the invention provides a method for preventing a metabolic-related condition or disorder in a subject, the method comprising the step of providing to the subject an effective amount of at least one keto ester compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and an effective amount of at least one maltodextrin compound, thereby preventing the metabolic-related condition or disorder. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention.

This invention relates to methods for treating dry eye and improving the quality of the meibum composition of inflamed or dysfunctional meibomian glands of a mammal, comprising the steps of administering a composition consisting essentially of an effective amount of omega-3 fatty acids on a daily dosage basis to the mammal having inflamed or dysfunctional meibomian glands, wherein the effective amount of omega-3 fatty acids comprises eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in an amount greater than 600 mg and in the re-esterified triglyceride form, and wherein the composition administered does not include any additional omega-6 fatty acids beyond the range normally found in the source material of the omega-3 fatty acids. The composition administered may facilitate an increase in levels of anti-inflammatory omega-3's in the meibum composition of the treated meibomian glands of the mammal and a decrease in the levels of inflammatory omega-6's in the meibum composition of the treated meibomian glands. The method of administering the composition of the present invention consisting essentially of omega-3 fatty acids may further comprise (1) the steps of taking a baseline measurement of tear break up time of the mammal prior to administering the composition and taking a second measurement of tear break up time of the treated mammal after administration of the composition to evaluate the improvement in tear break up time of the mammal as compared to the corresponding baseline measurement, (2) the steps of taking a baseline measurement of tear osmolarity of the mammal prior to administering the composition and taking a second measurement of tear osmolarity of the mammal after administration of the composition to evaluate the reduction of tear osmolarity of the mammal as compared to the corresponding baseline measurement and/or (3) the steps of taking a baseline measurement of the quality of tears of the mammal prior to administering the composition and taking a second measurement of the quality of tears of the mammal after administration of the composition to evaluate the improvement in the quality of tears of the mammal as compared to the corresponding baseline measurement.

This invention relates to methods for treating dry eye and improving the quality of the meibum composition of inflamed or dysfunctional meibomian glands of a mammal, comprising the steps of administering a composition consisting essentially of an effective amount of omega-3 fatty acids on a daily dosage basis to the mammal having inflamed or dysfunctional meibomian glands, wherein the effective amount of omega-3 fatty acids comprises eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in an amount greater than 600 mg and in the re-esterified triglyceride form, and wherein the composition administered does not include any additional omega-6 fatty acids beyond the range normally found in the source material of the omega-3 fatty acids. The composition administered may facilitate an increase in levels of anti-inflammatory omega-3's in the meibum composition of the treated meibomian glands of the mammal and a decrease in the levels of inflammatory omega-6's in the meibum composition of the treated meibomian glands. The method of administering the composition of the present invention consisting essentially of omega-3 fatty acids may further comprise (1) the steps of taking a baseline measurement of tear break up time of the mammal prior to administering the composition and taking a second measurement of tear break up time of the treated mammal after administration of the composition to evaluate the improvement in tear break up time of the mammal as compared to the corresponding baseline measurement, (2) the steps of taking a baseline measurement of tear osmolarity of the mammal prior to administering the composition and taking a second measurement of tear osmolarity of the mammal after administration of the composition to evaluate the reduction of tear osmolarity of the mammal as compared to the corresponding baseline measurement and/or (3) the steps of taking a baseline measurement of the quality of tears of the mammal prior to administering the composition and taking a second measurement of the quality of tears of the mammal after administration of the composition to evaluate the improvement in the quality of tears of the mammal as compared to the corresponding baseline measurement.