A textile having high fluorine adhesion rate, and excellent water- and oil-repellency can be obtained by a method of producing a treated textile, comprising steps of: (1) preparing a treatment liquid comprising a water- and oil-repellent agent which comprises at least one fluorine-containing compound selected from the group consisting of a fluorine-containing polymer or a fluorine-containing low molecular weight compound, (2) adjusting pH of the treatment liquid to at most 7, (3) applying the treatment liquid to a textile, (4) treating the textile with steam, and (5) washing the textile with water and dehydrating the textile, wherein the treatment liquid comprises a thermally gelling substance.

A textile having high fluorine adhesion rate, and excellent water- and oil-repellency can be obtained by a method of producing a treated textile, comprising steps of: (1) preparing a treatment liquid comprising a water- and oil-repellent agent which comprises at least one fluorine-containing compound selected from the group consisting of a fluorine-containing polymer or a fluorine-containing low molecular weight compound, (2) adjusting pH of the treatment liquid to at most 7, (3) applying the treatment liquid to a textile, (4) treating the textile with steam, and (5) washing the textile with water and dehydrating the textile, wherein the treatment liquid comprises a thermally gelling substance.

A water- and oil-repellent composition for a nonwoven fabric, which includes (1) a fluorine-containing water- and oil-repellent agent and (2) a sizing agent and is water-based, can impart good alcohol repellency, water pressure resistance, and antistatic properties to an object to be treated, such as a nonwoven fabric. The water- and oil-repellent composition for a nonwoven fabric does not contain a carbodiimide compound and may contain at least 20 wt % of water with respect to the water- and oil-repellent composition. The active ingredient of the sizing agent may include an alkylketene dimer and/or an alkenylketene dimer. The water- and oil-repellent composition may further contain an antistatic agent and a penetrant. A treated substrate may be a nonwoven fabric.

To provide a water repellent composition whereby it is possible to obtain an article having excellent hot water repellency and dry soil resistance, a method for producing the water repellent composition, and an article excellent in hot water repellency and dry soil resistance. The water repellent composition comprises a copolymer having structural units based on monomer (a), structural units based on monomer (b), and structural units based on monomer (c) in specific proportions, and an aqueous medium. Monomer (a): compound represented by R.sup.F-Q-ZC(O)C(R)CH.sub.2 (R.sup.F: C.sub.4-6 perfluoroalkyl group, Q: divalent hydrocarbon group or single bond, Z: O or NH, R: methyl group or chlorine atom). Monomer (b): (meth)acrylate having cyclic hydrocarbon group, of which the homopolymer has a glass transition temperature of at least 50 C. Monomer (c): vinylidene chloride.

Disclosed is a nonwoven fabric formed from (i) a nonwoven fabric substrate and (ii) a fluorine-containing polymer adhering to the nonwoven fabric substrate, wherein the fluorine-containing polymer contains:

(a) repeating units formed from a fluorine-containing monomer which is alpha-chloro acrylate or alpha-chloro acrylamide containing a fluoroalkyl group, and
(b) repeating units formed from a halogenated olefin monomer, and
the fluorine-containing polymer is free from repeating units formed from a (meth)acrylate containing a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having at least 18 carbon atoms.

The present invention provides a water-repellent woven or knitted article that overcomes the problems of the related art and exhibits water-repellent properties and is excellent in abrasion resistance and durability. The water-repellent woven or knitted article of the present invention is a woven or knitted article subjected to a water repellent treatment using a water repellent having a perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) concentration of 5 ng/g or less, wherein the woven or knitted article includes, as constituent fibers, fibers having a transverse cross-sectional shape, each fiber has a plurality of grooves at an outer circumference of the transverse cross section, each groove has a wide part, and a size of the grooves in the fibers satisfies the following Formulae (Formula 1) and (Formula 2):
w2/w11.3(Formula 1)
0.15h/d0.25(Formula 2) where w1 represents a groove entrance width, w2 represents a groove wide part width, h represents a groove depth, and d represents a diameter of the fiber, a droplet contact angle between the woven or knitted article and water is 135 or more after 20 times of washing in accordance with a method of JIS L 0217 103 and a water repellency is grade 4 or more in accordance with a spray method of JIS L 1092.