An anti-fouling heterophasic thermoset polymeric coating is provided that includes a continuous phase and a discrete phase defining a plurality of domains distributed therein. Each domain has an average size of about 100 nm to about 5,000 nm. The continuous phase includes a fluorine-containing polymer component formed from a fluorine-containing polyol precursor having a functionality of greater than 2. The discrete phase includes a fluorine-free component. At least a portion of the fluorine-free component in the discrete phase is bonded together with a moiety selected from the group consisting of a nitrogen-containing moiety, an oxygen-containing moiety, an isocyanate-containing moiety, and a combination thereof. Methods of treating an article to form such anti-fouling heterophasic thermoset polymeric coating are provided, as are liquid precursors to form the coating.

A modified polymer includes a diene-based polymeric chain and at least one end terminated with a blocked isocyanate group. The blocked isocyanate group may be the reaction product of an isocyanate and a blocking agent, and the blocking agent is selected, such that the modified polymer deblocks at temperatures of at least 100 C. An aqueous emulsion of the modified polymer may be provided that may be surfactant-free. The emulsion may be combined with one or more latexes to provide a treatment solution for a fabric or fiber that does not require the use of resorcinol and formaldehyde. Once treated and dried, the fabric or fiber may be used to impart tensile strength to rubber products, such as tires, air springs, flexible couplings, power transmission belts, conveyor belts, and fluid routing hoses.

A method of purifying a biological composition includes: disposing loose cationic ligand-functionalized staple fibers and a biological composition within a mixing volume of a vessel; agitating the biological composition and the loose cationic ligand-functionalized staple fibers while they are in intimate contact with each other within the mixing volume to provide modified fibers and a purified biological composition; and separating at least a portion of the purified biological composition from the modified fibers and any loose cationic ligand-functionalized staple fibers with which it is in contact. The loose cationic ligand-functionalized staple fibers have a modified surface layer comprising a grafted acrylic polymer comprising 10 to 100 percent by weight of a cationically-ionizable monomer unit. An article for purifying a biological composition includes: a vessel having a mixing volume disposed therein; and the loose cationic ligand-functionalized staple fibers disposed within the mixing volume.

A textile includes a substrate and a coating applied to a surface of the substrate. The coating includes a plurality of bilayers positioned one on top of the other. Each bilayer includes a first layer including a cationic polymer and a second layer comprising an anionic polymer. The cationic polymer in the first layer includes a polyethyleneimine (PEI), a poly(vinyl amine) (PVAm), a poly(allyl amine) (PAAm), a polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (PDDA), or a chitosan (CH). The anionic polymer in the second layer includes a poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), a poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS), a poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA), a poly(sodium phosphate) (PSP), or a poly(vinyl sulfate) (PVS).

A composite textile is provided. The composite textile includes a textile substrate and a thermal material layer formed on the textile substrate. The thermal material layer includes a nanocomposite powder. The nanocomposite powder is composed of a pyrrolidone-containing polymer and an inorganic particle. The pyrrolidone-containing polymer is polyvinylpyrrolidone, a derivative of polyvinylpyrrolidone or a combination thereof. The inorganic particle is a metal oxide composed of a first metal M.sup.A, a doping metal M.sup.B and oxygen. The inorganic particle makes up 62.5-99.9 wt. % of the nanocomposite powder.

Use of biodegradable microcapsules comprising a wall made of poly(beta-amino)ester, abbreviated to PBAE, which contains an active substance. These microcapsules may be obtained by a method of interfacial polymerization between an amine monomer and a multi-acrylate monomer. Depending on the intended use, microcapsules with a wall that is weak, breakable or unbreakable and porous or non-porous are used; these properties may be obtained by the choice of the monomers and the thickness of the wall. For certain uses, it is possible to use the polymerization reaction mixture directly, without washing.

Provided are a fluorine-free soil resistant agent and a soil resistant treatment method which give excellent water-repellency and excellent antifouling property to a substrate, especially a carpet. The soil resistant agent contains (1) a fluorine-free copolymer having (a) a repeating unit formed from an acrylic monomer having a hydrocarbon group containing 7 to 40 carbon atoms, and (b) a repeating unit formed from an acrylic monomer having a hydrophilic group, and (2) water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent dispersing the fluorine-free copolymer (1). A method of treating the substrate, includes applying the soil resistant agent to the substrate.

Disclosed is a transparent self-assembling polymer clay nanocomposite coating that is useful in food, drink and electronic packaging as a gas barrier and on textiles and clothing as a flame retardant coating. The coating includes two main components a water dispersible polymer and a sheet like nanoparticle. The coatings may be applied to any substrate. The coatings are applied sequentially with polymer being applied first followed by the nanoparticles. This sequence results in the self-assembly of a highly ordered nanocomposite film that exhibits high barrier properties and flame retardancy. The desired level of gas barrier or flame retardancy desired can be adjusted by the number of bilayers applied.

A composite material includes: a base material; a structure which includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes having a bent shape with a bent portion, forms a network structure including a contact portion where the carbon nanotubes are in direct contact with each other, and is provided on a surface of the base material; and a first sizing agent that is provided at least around the contact portion, and cross-links the carbon nanotubes which are in direct contact with each other by a carbodiimide-derived structure obtained by reaction between a functional group of the carbon nanotubes and a carbodiimide group.

The present invention relates to a surface-modified aramid fiber and a method for preparing the same. The method includes the following steps: modifying an aramid fiber having amino groups and carboxyl groups on the surface with siloxane -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane to obtain a silicon methoxylated aramid fiber; reacting same with a cerium oxide coated with polydopamine modified chaotic boron nitride to obtain a surface-modified aramid fiber. The cerium oxide coated with polydopamine modified chaotic boron nitride has high ultraviolet absorption, and has extremely low catalytic activity, avoiding the damage to a fiber structure by photocatalysis during radiation, being an effective, safe and highly-efficient ultraviolet absorber. The surface-modified aramid fiber provided in the present invention has an ultraviolet-resistant function, high surface activity, good thermal performance, and better mechanical performance, providing excellent overall performance, and having higher utilization value. The method is simple and controllable, being suitable for large scale production.