The present invention provides methods for treating portopulmonary hypertension, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof, a therapeutically effective amount of macitentan. Preferably, the methods are clinically proven safe and/or effective. Also provided are methods of improving liver transplant perioperative mortality risk category, improving MELD exception eligibility, and reducing the risk of removal from a liver transplant waitlist in a patient with portopulmonary hypertension and liver disease, comprising administering to a patient in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of macitentan.

A method of modulating transdifferentiation of chondrocytes to osteoblast includes administering to the chondrocytes an agent that modulates GP130 receptor signaling and expression of at least one of Sox2, Oct4, or Nanog of the chondrocytes.

A method of modulating transdifferentiation of chondrocytes to osteoblast includes administering to the chondrocytes an agent that modulates GP130 receptor signaling and expression of at least one of Sox2, Oct4, or Nanog of the chondrocytes.

A method of modulating transdifferentiation of chondrocytes to osteoblast includes administering to the chondrocytes an agent that modulates GP130 receptor signaling and expression of at least one of Sox2, Oct4, or Nanog of the chondrocytes.

A method of treating a malignancy in a human subject by analyzing pseudo-projection images of cells obtained from a sputum specimen obtained from a subject employs a biological specimen classifier that identifies cells from the sputum specimen as normal or abnormal. If abnormal cells are detected, then the abnormal cells are further classified as dysplastic or cancerous. If the cells are classified as dysplastic, then an immunomodulating agent is administered to the subject over a predetermined time period designed to achieve a therapeutic dosage.

A method of treating a malignancy in a human subject by analyzing pseudo-projection images of cells obtained from a sputum specimen obtained from a subject employs a biological specimen classifier that identifies cells from the sputum specimen as normal or abnormal. If abnormal cells are detected, then the abnormal cells are further classified as dysplastic or cancerous. If the cells are classified as dysplastic, then an immunomodulating agent is administered to the subject over a predetermined time period designed to achieve a therapeutic dosage.

A method of reducing mortality in a human patient with pulmonary inflammation due to coronavirus or other pathogen, the method including administering an oral dose of a prostacyclin analog drug to the patient within a therapeutic window. The prostacyclin analog drug includes oral iloprost or iloprost betadex clathrate.

A method of reducing mortality in a human patient with pulmonary inflammation due to coronavirus or other pathogen, the method including administering an oral dose of a prostacyclin analog drug to the patient within a therapeutic window. The prostacyclin analog drug includes oral iloprost or iloprost betadex clathrate.

Provided herein are synthetic peptides and methods for treating cardiorespiratory diseases, particularly cardiopulmonary disorder (CPD) by use of the synthetic peptides. The present synthetic peptide has the amino acid sequence of X.sub.1EX.sub.2LRVANEVTLN (SEQ ID NO: 1), in which X.sub.1 is tyrosine (Y) or phenylalanine (F), and X.sub.2 is alanine (A) or cysteine (C). In preferred embodiments, an effective amount of the present synthetic peptide is administered to a subject suffering from CPD to ameliorate or alleviate symptoms associated therewith.

Provided herein are synthetic peptides and methods for treating cardiorespiratory diseases, particularly cardiopulmonary disorder (CPD) by use of the synthetic peptides. The present synthetic peptide has the amino acid sequence of X.sub.1EX.sub.2LRVANEVTLN (SEQ ID NO: 1), in which X.sub.1 is tyrosine (Y) or phenylalanine (F), and X.sub.2 is alanine (A) or cysteine (C). In preferred embodiments, an effective amount of the present synthetic peptide is administered to a subject suffering from CPD to ameliorate or alleviate symptoms associated therewith.