A printing apparatus is provided that effectively prevents the risk of ink bleeding so as to obtain a high-quality print result. The printing apparatus includes an inkjet head that ejects droplets of ink using inkjet technique so as to adhere the ink to the medium, and an ultraviolet light source that radiates ultraviolet light. The ink contains a colorant, an ultraviolet absorbent, a resin, and an aqueous solvent that emulsifies or suspends the resin. The ultraviolet light source irradiates the ink adhered to the medium with ultraviolet light to heat the ink to a temperature lower than a boiling point of the ink and high enough to prevent the ink from bleeding, so that the aqueous solvent is at least in part volatilized and removed from the ink.

Compositions for and methods of digitally printing an ink image onto a woven textile material are provided. A base application is applied to the surface of a woven textile material, especially one comprising synthetic resin fibers prior to application of an ink image layer. The base application comprises an acrylic latex material that is formulated to be printed on with a digital ink while still wet, thereby eliminating the need for an intermediate drying cycle in between base application deposit and printing of the ink image.

An ink jet printing penetrant includes a lactam compound having a hydroxy group and a glycol having a vapor pressure of 1.0 to 20.0 Pa at 20? C., a content of the lactam compound with respect to a total mass of the ink jet printing penetrant is 15 to 25 percent by mass, and a content of the glycol with respect to a total mass of the lactam compound is 0.8 to 3.0 on a mass ratio basis.

A welding process may be configured to convert a substrate comprised of short staple fibers into a welded substrate having significantly increased strength as compared to the raw substrate. When applied to a one-dimensional substrate, such as a yarn, the welding process may also reduce the diameter of the welded substrate compared to that of the raw substrate. Additionally, the welding process may be configured to impart superior color properties to the welded substrate compared to the color properties of the raw substrate, which superior color properties may be very pronounced when performing a welding process on a raw substrate comprised of colored and/or dyed recycled fibers.

Compositions for and methods of digitally printing an ink image onto a woven textile material are provided. A base application is applied to the surface of a woven textile material, especially one comprising synthetic resin fibers prior to application of an ink image layer. The base application comprises an acrylic latex material that is formulated to be printed on with a digital ink while still wet, thereby eliminating the need for an intermediate drying cycle in between base application deposit and printing of the ink image.

An ink jet ink composition includes one or two or more compounds A selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (1) and a compound represented by Formula (4), one or two or more compounds B selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by Formula (2), a compound represented by Formula (3), and a compound represented by Formula (5), and water,

##STR00001##

(in Formula (1) to Formula (5), R each independently represents NZ.sub.2 or OZ; R each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a sulfate group, or a sulfate; X each independently represents a hydroxyl group or a hydroxide salt; Y each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, or a hydroxide salt; and Z each independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms).

Compositions for and methods of digitally printing an ink image onto a woven textile material are provided. A base application is applied to the surface of a woven textile material, especially one comprising synthetic resin fibers prior to application of an ink image layer. The base application comprises an acrylic latex material that is formulated to be printed on with a digital ink while still wet, thereby eliminating the need for an intermediate drying cycle in between base application deposit and printing of the ink image.

A fabric treatment agent that is used in textile printing with a sublimable color material includes a color-material scavenging compound having an Rf value of 0.7 or less according to paper chromatography performed under following conditions. In Procedure 1, cellulose filter paper is impregnated with a 10% solution of the color-material scavenging compound and then dried to prepare a carrier. In Procedure 2, a 0.1% solution of a sublimable color material in tetrahydrofuran is spotted on the carrier and then dried to prepare a development sample. In Procedure 3, the development sample is developed using acetonitrile as a solvent for 3 minutes at 25 C. In Procedure 4, the Rf value is calculated by a following formula: $Rf=\frac{\left(\mathrm{distance}\mathrm{travelled}\mathrm{by}\mathrm{the}\mathrm{sublimable}\mathrm{color}\mathrm{material}\right)}{\left(\mathrm{distance}\mathrm{travelled}\mathrm{by}\mathrm{acetonitrile}\right)}.$

A compound of formula ##STR00001##
wherein V, W, X and Y represent N or CH, at least one of V, W, X and Y being N and at least two of V, W, X and Y being CH; R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently of the other hydrogen, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkyl, C.sub.1-C.sub.8 alkoxy, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, halogen or hydroxy; and the compound provides good lightfastness properties to textile fibre materials, in particular PES fibre materials.