The present invention provides a method of inhibiting dependence to an opioid by a human subject in need thereof. The method comprises administering an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition to the subject during opioid therapy. The pharmaceutical composition comprises a) a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID); and b) a co-agent selected from the group consisting of: fexofenadine, ketotifen, desloratadine, cetirizine, salts thereof and combinations thereof.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment of chronic and acute conditions. Such conditions may be caused by disease, be symptoms or sequalae of disease. Chronic and acute conditions may be due to viral infections such as HIV and AIDS, neoplastic diseases stroke, kidney disease, urinary incontinence, autoimmune disorders, Parkinson's disease, prostate hypertrophy, aging, or the treatment of such diseases. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools against acute and chronic conditions in mammalian subjects.

Methods and compositions containing a phorbol ester or a derivative of a phorbol ester are provided for the treatment of chronic and acute conditions. Such conditions may be caused by disease, be symptoms or sequalae of disease. Chronic and acute conditions may be due to viral infections such as HIV and AIDS, neoplastic diseases stroke, kidney disease, urinary incontinence, autoimmune disorders, Parkinson's disease, prostate hypertrophy, aging, or the treatment of such diseases. Additional compositions and methods are provided which employ a phorbol ester or derivative compound in combination with at least one additional agent to yield more effective treatment tools against acute and chronic conditions in mammalian subjects.

The invention provides methods of detecting transthyretin (TTR) using a capture antibody and a reporter antibody. The capture antibody binds preferentially to misfolded TTR over native tetrameric form of TTR. The capture antibody binds to an epitope within amino acid residues 89-97 or TTR or to an epitope within amino acid residues 101-109 of TTR. 9D5 and 18C5 are examples of suitable capture antibodies. The methods can be used for diagnosing diseases or disorders associated with TTR accumulation or accumulation of TTR deposits (e.g., TTR amyloidosis) and for monitoring the efficacy of TTR therapies, among other applications.

The invention provides methods of detecting transthyretin (TTR) using a capture antibody and a reporter antibody. The capture antibody binds preferentially to misfolded TTR over native tetrameric form of TTR. The capture antibody binds to an epitope within amino acid residues 89-97 or TTR or to an epitope within amino acid residues 101-109 of TTR. 9D5 and 18C5 are examples of suitable capture antibodies. The methods can be used for diagnosing diseases or disorders associated with TTR accumulation or accumulation of TTR deposits (e.g., TTR amyloidosis) and for monitoring the efficacy of TTR therapies, among other applications.

A method of treating a condition of in a human patient comprising pharmacologically activating a translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO), wherein the condition is one of a chronic methamphetamine addiction, a medical consequence of methamphetamine use; a behavioral consequence of methamphetamine use, an HIV associated cognitive motor disorder, an HIV-associated neurodegenerative disorder, and a neuroinflammatory response.

A method of treating a condition of in a human patient comprising pharmacologically activating a translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO), wherein the condition is one of a chronic methamphetamine addiction, a medical consequence of methamphetamine use; a behavioral consequence of methamphetamine use, an HIV associated cognitive motor disorder, an HIV-associated neurodegenerative disorder, and a neuroinflammatory response.

A method of treating a condition of in a human patient comprising pharmacologically activating a translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO), wherein the condition is one of a chronic methamphetamine addiction, a medical consequence of methamphetamine use; a behavioral consequence of methamphetamine use, an HIV associated cognitive motor disorder, an HIV-associated neurodegenerative disorder, and a neuroinflammatory response.

The present invention relates to the use of derivatives of salicylic acid for the treatment of diseases or conditions linked to GO and/or PRODH2 enzyme activity, in particular diseases linked to an excess of oxalate, and for the treatment of patients with renal insufficiency (uremia or azotaemia) receiving haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, in particular patients treated with ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is metabolised to oxalate, or patients with fibromyalgia and vulvar pain.

The present invention relates to the use of derivatives of salicylic acid for the treatment of diseases or conditions linked to GO and/or PRODH2 enzyme activity, in particular diseases linked to an excess of oxalate, and for the treatment of patients with renal insufficiency (uremia or azotaemia) receiving haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis, in particular patients treated with ascorbic acid (vitamin C), which is metabolised to oxalate, or patients with fibromyalgia and vulvar pain.