Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy or sugary materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

Biomass (e.g., plant biomass, animal biomass, and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful products, such as fuels. For example, systems can use feedstock materials, such as cellulosic and/or lignocellulosic materials and/or starchy or sugary materials, to produce ethanol and/or butanol, e.g., by fermentation.

A method for breaking down a pallet of plastic, paper, cardboard, and organic material to produce bio-gas, fertilizer, and water includes a step of maintaining a negative pressure during the steps of removing, separating, recycling, feeding, and converting to clean odorous air. The step of maintaining the negative pressure is further defined as removing the odorous air generated during the steps of separating, recycling, feeding, and converting. The chamber of the biofilter is maintained at a predetermined humidity of at least 80% and a predetermined temperature of between 70 F. and 80 F. A biofilter for removing odorous air includes a filter media having a mixture of woodchips having hardwood chips being present between 30 wt. % and 50 wt. %, softwood chips being present between 50 wt. % and 70 wt. %, and microorganisms disposed therein.

A method for breaking down a pallet of plastic, paper, cardboard, and organic material to produce bio-gas, fertilizer, and water includes a step of maintaining a negative pressure during the steps of removing, separating, recycling, feeding, and converting to clean odorous air. The step of maintaining the negative pressure is further defined as removing the odorous air generated during the steps of separating, recycling, feeding, and converting. The chamber of the biofilter is maintained at a predetermined humidity of at least 80% and a predetermined temperature of between 70 F. and 80 F. A biofilter for removing odorous air includes a filter media having a mixture of woodchips having hardwood chips being present between 30 wt. % and 50 wt. %, softwood chips being present between 50 wt. % and 70 wt. %, and microorganisms disposed therein.

Examples to process print media (105) are defined herein. At least one marked cell from a plurality of cells (305) extending throughout a processed image of the print media (105) is detected. The processed image of the print media (105) may include marked portions (110) and unmarked portions (115). Further, the marked cell overlays a marked portion of the processed image. Once the marked cell is detected, the marked portions (110) of the print media (105) corresponding to the marked portions (110) of the processed image may be determined and separated from the print media (105) to provide a processed media (130) comprising the unmarked portions (115).

Examples to process print media (105) are defined herein. At least one marked cell from a plurality of cells (305) extending throughout a processed image of the print media (105) is detected. The processed image of the print media (105) may include marked portions (110) and unmarked portions (115). Further, the marked cell overlays a marked portion of the processed image. Once the marked cell is detected, the marked portions (110) of the print media (105) corresponding to the marked portions (110) of the processed image may be determined and separated from the print media (105) to provide a processed media (130) comprising the unmarked portions (115).

A material for energy management and peak energy reduction in a building structure comprises a base construction material or article selected from cement composite; concrete; asphalt; adobe; brick; and stonework. It further comprises a first phase change material dispersed within the base construction material or article; and a functional polymeric phase change material dispersed within the base construction material or article that dynamically absorbs and releases heat to adjust heat transfer at or within a temperature stabilizing range and having at least one phase change temperature in the range between 10 C. and 100 C. and a phase change enthalpy of at least 5 Joules per gram, the functional polymeric phase change material including a plurality of polymer chains, the plurality of polymer chains including a backbone chain and a plurality of side chains, wherein a portion of the plurality side chains are mechanically entangled with the base construction material or article.

A material for energy management and peak energy reduction in a building structure comprises a base construction material or article selected from cement composite; concrete; asphalt; adobe; brick; and stonework. It further comprises a first phase change material dispersed within the base construction material or article; and a functional polymeric phase change material dispersed within the base construction material or article that dynamically absorbs and releases heat to adjust heat transfer at or within a temperature stabilizing range and having at least one phase change temperature in the range between 10 C. and 100 C. and a phase change enthalpy of at least 5 Joules per gram, the functional polymeric phase change material including a plurality of polymer chains, the plurality of polymer chains including a backbone chain and a plurality of side chains, wherein a portion of the plurality side chains are mechanically entangled with the base construction material or article.

A sheet supply device, a shredding device, a web forming device, and a sheet recycling system enabling smoothly supplying sheets regardless of the size and type of the sheets, and reducing equipment size. The sheet supply device includes a tray having a support surface on which a sheet is placed; a supplier configured to feed the sheet placed on the support surface; and a discharger from which the sheet is discharged by operation of the supplier. The supplier has multiple rollers disposed separated in the feed direction of the sheet; a rotation driver configured to rotationally drive the multiple rollers; and a roller support supporting the rollers in a direction to and away from the support surface. The sheet placed on the support surface contacts at least one of the multiple rollers and is fed to the discharger by displacement of the roller support.

A sheet manufacturing apparatus has a manufacturing unit that makes a sheet; and a plurality of supply units that supply loaded feedstock to the manufacturing unit; and the feedstocks supplied from the plural supply units are conveyed overlapping each other.