An aramid-based paper comprising at least 90 wt. % of aramid material, the aramid material including at least one of aramid shortcut and aramid fibrid, the paper including at most 40 wt. % aramid pulp, calculated on the total amount of aramid material, wherein the paper includes 0.1-10 wt. % of polyamido-amine epichlorohydrin (PAE). It has been found that the incorporation of 0.1-10 wt. % of polyamido-amine epichlorohydrin (PAE) into an aramid-based paper including at least 90 wt. % of aramid material calculated on the weight of the paper not including the PAE, the aramid material including at least one of aramid shortcut and aramid fibrid, the paper including at most 40 wt. % aramid pulp, leads to a surprising improvement of the z-strength and the tear strength of the paper.

An aramid-based paper comprising at least 90 wt. % of aramid material, the aramid material including at least one of aramid shortcut and aramid fibrid, the paper including at most 40 wt. % aramid pulp, calculated on the total amount of aramid material, wherein the paper includes 0.1-10 wt. % of polyamido-amine epichlorohydrin (PAE). It has been found that the incorporation of 0.1-10 wt. % of polyamido-amine epichlorohydrin (PAE) into an aramid-based paper including at least 90 wt. % of aramid material calculated on the weight of the paper not including the PAE, the aramid material including at least one of aramid shortcut and aramid fibrid, the paper including at most 40 wt. % aramid pulp, leads to a surprising improvement of the z-strength and the tear strength of the paper.

A scouring article include a three-dimensional non-woven web of fibers bonded to one another to form a lofty, non-woven substrate. An abrasive coating is coated on the substrate. The abrasive coating includes a binder; a first plurality of abrasive particles and a second plurality of abrasive particles dispersed in the binder. The first plurality of inorganic abrasive particles has a Mohs' hardness of 7 greater and a median particle size in the range of 20 microns to 100 microns. The second plurality of organic abrasive particles has a Mobs' hardness in the range of 1 to 5 and a median particle size greater than 100 microns. The average surface roughness created by use of the scouring article, according to the surface roughness test, is less than 8 microns.

A scouring article include a three-dimensional non-woven web of fibers bonded to one another to form a lofty, non-woven substrate. An abrasive coating is coated on the substrate. The abrasive coating includes a binder; a first plurality of abrasive particles and a second plurality of abrasive particles dispersed in the binder. The first plurality of inorganic abrasive particles has a Mohs' hardness of 7 greater and a median particle size in the range of 20 microns to 100 microns. The second plurality of organic abrasive particles has a Mobs' hardness in the range of 1 to 5 and a median particle size greater than 100 microns. The average surface roughness created by use of the scouring article, according to the surface roughness test, is less than 8 microns.

A random mat material including fiber bundles, said fiber bundles including fibers having an average fiber length of 5 to 100 mm, and having an average number N of fibers in the fiber bundle that satisfies: $\frac{1.5{10}^5}{D^2}<N<\frac{4.5{10}^5}{D^2}$
wherein D is the average diameter of fibers in the fiber bundle, expressed in micrometers, and the standard deviation SD.sub.N of the number of fibers in a fiber bundle satisfies:
1,000<SD.sub.N<6,000
wherein at an end of the fiber bundle, the number of the fibers in a fiber bundle becomes less from center to edge of the fiber bundle in a fiber direction.

A random mat material including fiber bundles, said fiber bundles including fibers having an average fiber length of 5 to 100 mm, and having an average number N of fibers in the fiber bundle that satisfies: $\frac{1.5{10}^5}{D^2}<N<\frac{4.5{10}^5}{D^2}$
wherein D is the average diameter of fibers in the fiber bundle, expressed in micrometers, and the standard deviation SD.sub.N of the number of fibers in a fiber bundle satisfies:
1,000<SD.sub.N<6,000
wherein at an end of the fiber bundle, the number of the fibers in a fiber bundle becomes less from center to edge of the fiber bundle in a fiber direction.

A rigid nylon porous material sheet is produced by the adhesive bonding of kinked nylon fibers having lengths of 1 to 5 inches. These fibers are cut from melt spun nylon or harvested from clean carpet fibers by shearing. The adhesive used is glycol, which attacks nylon at 180 C. forming a gel on the surface of the kinked fibers, but does not attack the nylon fibers when the kinked fiber assembly is cooled to 150 C. to precipitate ultrafine nylon within the gel. The fiber assembly is heated to 160 C. to bond the nylon fibers. It is then washed in hot water to remove unused glycol. The other adhesive is polyurethane, which is applied to the kinked fibers using coupling agents of aqueous resorcinol and vinyl pyrrolidone.

A nonwoven fabric that is fabricated is described, which includes a non-melting fiber A having a high-temperature shrinkage rate of 3% or less and a thermal conductivity conforming to ISO22007-3 (2008) of 0.060 W/m.Math.K or less and a thermoplastic fiber B having a LOI value conforming to JIS K 7201-2 (2007) of 25 or more and having a density of more than 50 kg/m.sup.3 and less than 200 kg/m.sup.3, where the nonwoven fabric exhibits high flame-shielding performance and has a heat insulating property.

A nonwoven fabric sheet exhibiting high flame shielding performance, heat insulating property, and wear resistance is described, where the nonwoven fabric sheet is fabricated and includes at least one fire barrier layer formed of a web containing a non-melting fiber A having a high-temperature shrinkage rate of 3% or less and a thermal conductivity conforming to ISO22007-3 (2008) of 0.060 W/m.Math.K or less and in which the fire barrier layer is coupled with a scrim layer containing a carbide-forming heat resistant fiber B having a LOI value conforming to JIS K 7201-2 (2007) of 25 or more.

A nonwoven fabric sheet exhibiting high flame shielding performance, heat insulating property, and wear resistance is described, where the nonwoven fabric sheet is fabricated and includes at least one fire barrier layer formed of a web containing a non-melting fiber A having a high-temperature shrinkage rate of 3% or less and a thermal conductivity conforming to ISO22007-3 (2008) of 0.060 W/m.Math.K or less and in which the fire barrier layer is coupled with a scrim layer containing a carbide-forming heat resistant fiber B having a LOI value conforming to JIS K 7201-2 (2007) of 25 or more.