A railroad tie formed of a polymeric or polymeric composite material and configured for enhanced mechanical interaction with an underlying ballast. The tie includes at least a top longitudinal surface, a pair of side longitudinal surfaces, a bottom longitudinal surface, and two end faces. At least the bottom longitudinal surface includes a plurality of indentations formed along a length thereof. Additionally, the tie includes at least one serrated edge portion having a plurality of serrations, the at least one serrated edge portion formed along at least part of the longitudinal length of the tie at an edge between at least one of the side longitudinal surfaces and the bottom longitudinal surface to provide for enhanced mechanical interaction with the ballast.

A railroad tie formed of a polymeric or polymeric composite material and configured for enhanced mechanical interaction with an underlying ballast. The tie includes at least a top longitudinal surface, a pair of side longitudinal surfaces, a bottom longitudinal surface, and two end faces. At least the bottom longitudinal surface includes a plurality of indentations formed along a length thereof. Additionally, the tie includes at least one serrated edge portion having a plurality of serrations, the at least one serrated edge portion formed along at least part of the longitudinal length of the tie at an edge between at least one of the side longitudinal surfaces and the bottom longitudinal surface to provide for enhanced mechanical interaction with the ballast.

The present invention describes a railroad sleeper (1) for fixation of at least a pair of rails (2,2) of a railroad network, comprising a contact surface (3), wherein each rail of the pair of rails (2,2) is fixed spaced apart from each other, the railroad sleeper (1) being configured by comprising a hollow sector (4) delimited by association of the contact surface (3) with the anchorage walls (5,5), thus establishing a free portion (17) adjacent to the anchorage walls (5,5) and opposite the contact surface (3). The present invention further describes an embodiment in which the hollow sector (4) of the railroad sleeper is delimited by a support surface and the process of manufacturing a railroad sleeper.

The present invention describes a railroad sleeper (1) for fixation of at least a pair of rails (2,2) of a railroad network, comprising a contact surface (3), wherein each rail of the pair of rails (2,2) is fixed spaced apart from each other, the railroad sleeper (1) being configured by comprising a hollow sector (4) delimited by association of the contact surface (3) with the anchorage walls (5,5), thus establishing a free portion (17) adjacent to the anchorage walls (5,5) and opposite the contact surface (3). The present invention further describes an embodiment in which the hollow sector (4) of the railroad sleeper is delimited by a support surface and the process of manufacturing a railroad sleeper.

A rail tie pad for use with a cast rail tie. The rail tie pad may be flexible, polymeric body having first and second opposite sides and, when viewed in cross-section, includes an upper surface and a lower surface defining a first vertical thickness and including a plurality of undulations with alternating concave portions and convex portions. The rail tie pad further includes a pair of side anchor portions respectively disposed at the first and second opposite sides of the pad, each including at least one anchor projection for embedment within the side portions of a cast rail tie. In this manner, the anchor portions of the rail tie pad are embedded within, and fixably secure, the sides of the rail tie pad to the cast rail tie to mitigate or prevent separation of the rail tie pad from the rail tie during transport and/or positioning of the rail tie during installation.

The invention relates to a sleeper pad (1) for fastening to at least one outer surface (3) of a railway sleeper (4) facing a ballast bed (2), the sleeper pad (1) including or consisting of at least one damping layer (5), wherein the damping layer (5) has an EPM index in the range from 10 to 25%, preferably in the range from 10 to 20% when carrying out a load test.

The invention relates to a sleeper pad (1) for fastening to at least one outer surface (3) of a railway sleeper (4) facing a ballast bed (2), the sleeper pad (1) including or consisting of at least one damping layer (5), wherein the damping layer (5) has an EPM index in the range from 10 to 25%, preferably in the range from 10 to 20% when carrying out a load test.

An under sleeper pad (1) for fastening to an outer surface (2) facing a ballast bed (16), in particular an underside, of a railroad sleeper (3). The under sleeper pad (1) includes an elastomer layer (5), the elastomer layer (5) having a density in the range of 250 kg/m.sup.3 to 350 kg/m.sup.3, preferably 250 kg/m.sup.3 to 330 kg/m.sup.3.

A railroad crosstie (tie) may be fabricated from a composite material including a fiber reinforced polymer shell manufactured by pultrusion or other process, and filled by a suitable material, typically selected from expanded elastomeric polymer (such as polyurethane resin or other polymer), concrete, lightweight concrete formed by conventional aggregate, sand, cement, water, and an ultra light filler such as natural materials, sawdust, beads of expanded polymer such as expanded polystyrene, microspheres of glass or plastic, a recycled wooden tie in conjunction with any of the above, or the like. Fasteners may be driven such as spikes, threaded, such as screws, lag screws, spreading screws, rivets, or the like into apertures, pilot holes, or directly into fill absent apertures therein.

A railroad crosstie (tie) may be fabricated from a composite material including a fiber reinforced polymer shell manufactured by pultrusion or other process, and filled by a suitable material, typically selected from expanded elastomeric polymer (such as polyurethane resin or other polymer), concrete, lightweight concrete formed by conventional aggregate, sand, cement, water, and an ultra light filler such as natural materials, sawdust, beads of expanded polymer such as expanded polystyrene, microspheres of glass or plastic, a recycled wooden tie in conjunction with any of the above, or the like. Fasteners may be driven such as spikes, threaded, such as screws, lag screws, spreading screws, rivets, or the like into apertures, pilot holes, or directly into fill absent apertures therein.