The present invention provides a dental composition that exhibits excellent long-lasting antibacterial activity even as a cured product, and that excels in aesthetic quality with no discoloration occurring in water or in hydrogen sulfide. The present invention relates to a dental composition comprising a platinum nanoparticle (a) uncoated with a colloidal protective material.

The present invention provides a dental composition that exhibits excellent long-lasting antibacterial activity even as a cured product, and that excels in aesthetic quality with no discoloration occurring in water or in hydrogen sulfide. The present invention relates to a dental composition comprising a platinum nanoparticle (a) uncoated with a colloidal protective material.

Provided herein are methods and materials involved in assessing samples (e.g., cancer cells) for the presence of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) or an HRD signature. For example, methods and materials for determining whether or not a cell (e.g., a cancer cell) contains an HRD signature are provided. Materials and methods for identifying cells (e.g., cancer cells) having a deficiency in homology directed repair (HDR) as well as materials and methods for identifying cancer patients likely to respond to a particular cancer treatment regimen also are provided.

Provided herein are methods and materials involved in assessing samples (e.g., cancer cells) for the presence of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) or an HRD signature. For example, methods and materials for determining whether or not a cell (e.g., a cancer cell) contains an HRD signature are provided. Materials and methods for identifying cells (e.g., cancer cells) having a deficiency in homology directed repair (HDR) as well as materials and methods for identifying cancer patients likely to respond to a particular cancer treatment regimen also are provided.

It is intended to provide a novel method for treating a cancer using an FGFR inhibitor that exhibits a remarkably excellent antitumor effect and has fewer side effects. The present invention provides a combination preparation for the treatment of a malignant tumor comprising a compound represented by Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more additional compound(s) having an antitumor effect or pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising both the active ingredients. The present invention also provides an antitumor effect enhancer, an antitumor agent, a kit for malignant tumor treatment, etc. comprising a compound represented by Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

It is intended to provide a novel method for treating a cancer using an FGFR inhibitor that exhibits a remarkably excellent antitumor effect and has fewer side effects. The present invention provides a combination preparation for the treatment of a malignant tumor comprising a compound represented by Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more additional compound(s) having an antitumor effect or pharmaceutically acceptable salt(s) thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition comprising both the active ingredients. The present invention also provides an antitumor effect enhancer, an antitumor agent, a kit for malignant tumor treatment, etc. comprising a compound represented by Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Disclosed herein are methods for otoprotection against platinum-based antineoplastic agents by administering a thiosulfate salt to a subject in need thereof. Typically, the thiosulfate salt is administered to the subject scheduled to be administered a platinum-based antineoplastic agent within 4 hours. Alternatively, the thiosulfate salt is administered within 7 hours after the administration of a platinum-based neoplastic agent.

The use of dianhydrogalactitol provides a novel therapeutic modality for the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and ovarian cancer, as well as other types of malignancy, including brain metastases of NSCLC. Dianhydrogalactitol acts as an alkylating agent on DNA that creates N.sup.7 methylation. Dianhydrogalactitol is effective in suppressing the growth of cancer stem cells and is active against tumors that are refractory to temozolomide, cisplatin, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors; the drug acts independently of the MGMT repair mechanism. Dianhydrogalactitol can be used together with other anti-neoplastic agents and can possess additive or super-additive effects.

The use of dianhydrogalactitol provides a novel therapeutic modality for the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and ovarian cancer, as well as other types of malignancy, including brain metastases of NSCLC. Dianhydrogalactitol acts as an alkylating agent on DNA that creates N.sup.7 methylation. Dianhydrogalactitol is effective in suppressing the growth of cancer stem cells and is active against tumors that are refractory to temozolomide, cisplatin, and tyrosine kinase inhibitors; the drug acts independently of the MGMT repair mechanism. Dianhydrogalactitol can be used together with other anti-neoplastic agents and can possess additive or super-additive effects.

The present invention relates inter alia to methods of determining whether or not a subject suffering from oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is suitable for de-escalated treatment. The invention also provides methods of treating OPSCC, and associated assays and kits.