A method for making a reinforced concrete structure and reinforcement agents are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes obtaining a mold for the reinforced concrete structure. A lattice is formed within the mold, where the lattice includes inter-locking ringed fibers and where each inter-locking ringed fiber is a fiber formed into a ringed structure that is inter-locked with at least one neighboring inter-locking ringed fiber in the lattice. The lattice is then encased by filling the mold with concrete. In some embodiments, the reinforcement agents are a plurality of ringed fiber-structures, each of which is coiled into a ringed structure that may or may not inter-lock with at least one neighboring ringed fiber(s)-structure.

A machine for resurface existing roads is disclosed. The machine may include a premixed stress absorbing membrane interlayer (SAMI) material distribution component configured to distribute a premixed SAMI material on an existing road. The distributed premixed SAMI material may include a mixture and/or combination of binding material and pre-cut fiber material. The machine may also include a channel positioned adjacent and downstream of the premixed SAMI material distribution component. The channel may be configured to supply an asphalt mixture directly over the premixed SAMI material. Additionally, the machine may include a screed positioned adjacent the channel The screed may be positioned to contact the asphalt mixture.

A millable, recyclable, paving fabric interlayer system for the construction and repair of roadways and other load-bearing surfaces and method of using such a fabric is disclosed. The paving fabric includes thermoplastic materials and is combined with asphalt cement to provide a flexible, stress relieving, waterproofing layer for roadways. Because of the thickness and asphalt cement absorption of the fabric, the system provides a stress absorbing interlayer to resist fatigue and reflective cracking in pavements. The system also acts as an effective moisture barrier due to the enhanced capability to retain sufficient asphalt cement when paved onto a roadway. Such a system has the required strength and elongation to be installed on smooth or milled surfaces yet is easily milled and recycled owing to the uniquely engineered tensile and tear strengths of the fabric.

A modular assembly and method of installing a modular assembly is provided. The modular assembly can include a plurality of base members made of a plastic material, each base member including a top surface and a bottom surface opposite of the top surface, the bottom surface defining channels. A plurality of support members can be provided, each of the plurality of support members may extend across the plurality of base members and disposed within the channels of the plurality of base members. A mounting bracket can be configured to mount each of the plurality of support members to a metal plate of a lower support structure, the metal plate being received by a clamp of the mounting bracket. Each of the plurality of base members can adjoin one another to form a horizontal platform for traffic.

A modular assembly and method of installing a modular assembly is provided. The modular assembly can include a plurality of base members made of a plastic material, each base member including a top surface and a bottom surface opposite of the top surface, the bottom surface defining channels. A plurality of support members can be provided, each of the plurality of support members may extend across the plurality of base members and disposed within the channels of the plurality of base members. A mounting bracket can be configured to mount each of the plurality of support members to a metal plate of a lower support structure, the metal plate being received by a clamp of the mounting bracket. Each of the plurality of base members can adjoin one another to form a horizontal platform for traffic.

A multi-axial geogrid possesses a series of interconnected strands or ribs that are arranged along at least two different axes within the plane of the structure. The strands or ribs have an aspect ratio, defined as the ratio of the thickness to width, of greater than 1.0, thickness being the direction normal to the plane of the structure. The geogrid can be manufactured by modifying the process parameters in order to create high aspect ratio ribs, using any of the various known methods for producing geogrids. A reinforced civil engineering structure, and method therefor, is formed by embedding in soil one or more horizontal layers of geogrid having high aspect ratio ribs. The reinforced structure shows improved rutting performance when subjected to vehicular traffic.

A multi-axial geogrid possesses a series of interconnected strands or ribs that are arranged along at least two different axes within the plane of the structure. The strands or ribs have an aspect ratio, defined as the ratio of the thickness to width, of greater than 1.0, thickness being the direction normal to the plane of the structure. The geogrid can be manufactured by modifying the process parameters in order to create high aspect ratio ribs, using any of the various known methods for producing geogrids. A reinforced civil engineering structure, and method therefor, is formed by embedding in soil one or more horizontal layers of geogrid having high aspect ratio ribs. The reinforced structure shows improved rutting performance when subjected to vehicular traffic.

A method for preparing a paving material includes heating an aggregate comprising recycled asphalt pavement using an emitter generating electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of from 2 microns to 1 millimeter. The method utilizes solid phase autoregenerative cohesion to prepare a material suitable for use as an aggregate in a hot mix asphalt pavement installation.

A method for preparing a paving material includes heating an aggregate comprising recycled asphalt pavement using an emitter generating electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of from 2 microns to 1 millimeter. The method utilizes solid phase autoregenerative cohesion to prepare a material suitable for use as an aggregate in a hot mix asphalt pavement installation.

A method of resurfacing exposed surfaces of existing roads, and a resurfaced road. The method may include forming stress absorbing membrane interlayers (SAMIs) over the exposed surface of the existing road. The SAMIs may include a first layer of a binding material and a fiber material. The method may also include disposing an asphalt mixture directly over the SAMIs. The disposed asphalt mixture may cover the SAMIs. Additionally, the method may include shaping the asphalt mixture disposed over the SAMIs.