A sports field has a stable, impermeable substrate, a water distributing layer provided over the substrate and an artificial turf layer over the water distributing layer. A bund defines a perimeter of the sports field and extends from the substrate to at least the height of the artificial turf layer. A drain channel having inlets at a height to communicate with the water distributing layer is provided such that water can flow from the water distributing layer into the drain channel and vice versa. As a result of this constructions, there is formed a containment, defined by the bund surrounding the field and by the substrate. Water can be held within the containment in the water distributing layer allowing for water attenuation and cooling of the sports field.

A sports field has a stable, impermeable substrate, a water distributing layer provided over the substrate and an artificial turf layer over the water distributing layer. A bund defines a perimeter of the sports field and extends from the substrate to at least the height of the artificial turf layer. A drain channel having inlets at a height to communicate with the water distributing layer is provided such that water can flow from the water distributing layer into the drain channel and vice versa. As a result of this constructions, there is formed a containment, defined by the bund surrounding the field and by the substrate. Water can be held within the containment in the water distributing layer allowing for water attenuation and cooling of the sports field.

Disclosed is shock absorbing pad having a composite nonwoven pad having a nonwoven construction, wherein the composite nonwoven pad has a face surface and an opposed back surface and comprising a nonwoven blend of fibers and a heat set binder material. The nonwoven construction of the composite nonwoven pad provides for a vertical water drainage capability of the composite nonwoven pad, and wherein the vertical water drainage capability is from 10 inches per hour to 500 inches per hour as determined by ASTM D3385.

Disclosed is shock absorbing pad having a composite nonwoven pad having a nonwoven construction, wherein the composite nonwoven pad has a face surface and an opposed back surface and comprising a nonwoven blend of fibers and a heat set binder material. The nonwoven construction of the composite nonwoven pad provides for a vertical water drainage capability of the composite nonwoven pad, and wherein the vertical water drainage capability is from 10 inches per hour to 500 inches per hour as determined by ASTM D3385.

A multi-tiered recoiling energy absorbing system has an upper impact surface that is exposed to percussive impact. At least one energy absorbing layer is positioned below or inside the upper impact surface. The energy absorbing layer includes one or more energy absorbing modules. At least some of the modules are provided with one or more energy absorbing units that extend from an upper platform. Several of the energy absorbing units are provided with a flexible wall that extends from the upper platform. A lateral reinforcement member secures the energy absorbing units to prevent them from splaying. The energy absorbing units at least partially absorb energy generated by an impacting object due to the flexible wall bending inwardly or outwardly and recoiling nondestructively after single or multiple impacts to its un-deflected configuration.

A multi-tiered recoiling energy absorbing system has an upper impact surface that is exposed to percussive impact. At least one energy absorbing layer is positioned below or inside the upper impact surface. The energy absorbing layer includes one or more energy absorbing modules. At least some of the modules are provided with one or more energy absorbing units that extend from an upper platform. Several of the energy absorbing units are provided with a flexible wall that extends from the upper platform. A lateral reinforcement member secures the energy absorbing units to prevent them from splaying. The energy absorbing units at least partially absorb energy generated by an impacting object due to the flexible wall bending inwardly or outwardly and recoiling nondestructively after single or multiple impacts to its un-deflected configuration.

Compositions and methods in which aragonite, and especially oolitic aragonite particles are used as infill material in an artificial turf structure or as sub-growth substrate for natural grass. Advantageously, oolitic aragonite particles provide: a superior microporous surface for effective water saturation to impart thermal control and environmental compatibility; ammonia neutralization of urine by reducing urea hydrolysis with the free calcium presented in the aragonite particles; and aragonite particle uniformity allowing for reduced compaction and desirable water draining.

Compositions and methods in which aragonite, and especially oolitic aragonite particles are used as infill material in an artificial turf structure or as sub-growth substrate for natural grass. Advantageously, oolitic aragonite particles provide: a superior microporous surface for effective water saturation to impart thermal control and environmental compatibility; ammonia neutralization of urine by reducing urea hydrolysis with the free calcium presented in the aragonite particles; and aragonite particle uniformity allowing for reduced compaction and desirable water draining.

A safety surface with an engineered shock-absorbing base. The base may include one or more engineered resilient mats. The mats may be fabricated of repurposed tire rubber. The mats may be adjoined edgewise. Adjoined mats may be coupled together. The base may overlay a surface. The base may include upward-facing pockets. Interiors of the pockets may receive loose fill. An upper layer may cover the base. The upper layer may bond to the base. The upper layer may seal the loose fill within the safety surface. The upper layer may include poured-in-place surfacing. The upper layer may be textured. The upper layer may include synthetic turf. Impact upon the upper layer may be attenuated by flexion of the base. Mats may be coupled without hardware fasteners. Exterior surfaces of pockets of one mat may be nested into complementarily contoured features of an adjoining mat.

A ventilated flooring system may generally include a base, a substructure, a top surface, a control box, an air mover, and a sensor. The base, the substructure, and the top surface may form a floor within which the sensor is disposed. The sensor may measure properties of air within the floor, sending measurements to the control box. The control box may activate and deactivate the air mover based on measurements from the sensor and control logic. In some examples, the air mover is connected to an HVAC system and routes air output from the HVAC system into the floor. Further, the ventilated flooring system may also include a second sensor for measuring ambient air, an alarm for providing notice of malfunctions, and/or networking capability that allows for remote monitoring of the system.