The present invention is directed to a paver edge restraint system for reducing shifting of a paver units making up a paved surface having one or more edge restraints installed along at least a portion of the periphery of the paved surface. The paver edge restraint system includes at least one peripheral edging member, at least one edging securement member for holding the at least one peripheral edging member to the ground, at least one paver retention strap that extends underneath a plurality of paver units constituting a portion of the paved surface, and at least one clamping unit mounted on the at least one peripheral edging member for securing and tightening the at least one strap to maintain the joint integrity of the plurality of paver units installed above and adjacent to the at least one strap.

A structural system is provided that includes at least two pavers partially defining a paved surface, the pavers partially defining a void between them. The system also includes a permeable joint located in the void between the pavers, where the permeable joint also partially defines the paved surface. The permeable joint includes a base layer formed of aggregate and bonded together with a non-cement binder, and a membrane layer formed of aggregate that is sized smaller than the aggregate of the base layer, where the aggregate of the membrane is also bonded together with a non-cement binder. The membrane is less permeable than the base layer and is located above the base layer.

A structural system is provided that includes at least two pavers partially defining a paved surface, the pavers partially defining a void between them. The system also includes a permeable joint located in the void between the pavers, where the permeable joint also partially defines the paved surface. The permeable joint includes a base layer formed of aggregate and bonded together with a non-cement binder, and a membrane layer formed of aggregate that is sized smaller than the aggregate of the base layer, where the aggregate of the membrane is also bonded together with a non-cement binder. The membrane is less permeable than the base layer and is located above the base layer.

A grass protection mat comprises a body where grass passing spaces are continuously arranged and an outer frame comprising four frames formed in four directions to finish an outer edge of the body, wherein the grass protection mat further comprises at least one hook fastener which horizontally protrudes from a first lateral frame of the outer frame toward a second lateral frame of an outer frame of a neighboring grass protection mat, and wherein the at least one hook fastener is fastened to at least one fastening hole provided in the outer frame of the second grass protection mat adjacent to the first lateral frame and corresponding to the hook fastener of the grass protection mat.

A grass protection mat comprises a body where grass passing spaces are continuously arranged and an outer frame comprising four frames formed in four directions to finish an outer edge of the body, wherein the grass protection mat further comprises at least one hook fastener which horizontally protrudes from a first lateral frame of the outer frame toward a second lateral frame of an outer frame of a neighboring grass protection mat, and wherein the at least one hook fastener is fastened to at least one fastening hole provided in the outer frame of the second grass protection mat adjacent to the first lateral frame and corresponding to the hook fastener of the grass protection mat.

A modular assembly and method of installing a modular assembly is provided. The modular assembly can include a plurality of base members made of a plastic material, each base member including a top surface and a bottom surface opposite of the top surface, the bottom surface defining channels. A plurality of support members can be provided, each of the plurality of support members may extend across the plurality of base members and disposed within the channels of the plurality of base members. A mounting bracket can be configured to mount each of the plurality of support members to a metal plate of a lower support structure, the metal plate being received by a clamp of the mounting bracket. Each of the plurality of base members can adjoin one another to form a horizontal platform for traffic.

A modular assembly and method of installing a modular assembly is provided. The modular assembly can include a plurality of base members made of a plastic material, each base member including a top surface and a bottom surface opposite of the top surface, the bottom surface defining channels. A plurality of support members can be provided, each of the plurality of support members may extend across the plurality of base members and disposed within the channels of the plurality of base members. A mounting bracket can be configured to mount each of the plurality of support members to a metal plate of a lower support structure, the metal plate being received by a clamp of the mounting bracket. Each of the plurality of base members can adjoin one another to form a horizontal platform for traffic.

Disclosed is a universal mold having removable arm members and socket members that can be configured to fabricate the border blocks, the corner blocks and the interior blocks.

An apparatus for extracting a paver stone, and the like from a preset position, including a pair of lifting plates having a body containing one or more lifting aid insertion openings at one end, and at an opposing end, a blade portion having substantially concave tabs with tab edges formed along a pair of slots terminating in one or more of stress relief openings between the body and the blade, wedging a first blade between the paver and a first adjacent paver and wedging a second blade at an opposing end of a paver and a second adjacent paver, substantially compressing the tabs storing spring energy in the blades, pushing the tab edges below the bottom plane of the paver, releasing the stored spring energy thereby substantially decompressing and re-forming the tabs such that the tab edges contact and engage the underside of the paver to be extracted.

An apparatus for extracting a paver stone, and the like from a preset position, including a pair of lifting plates having a body containing one or more lifting aid insertion openings at one end, and at an opposing end, a blade portion having substantially concave tabs with tab edges formed along a pair of slots terminating in one or more of stress relief openings between the body and the blade, wedging a first blade between the paver and a first adjacent paver and wedging a second blade at an opposing end of a paver and a second adjacent paver, substantially compressing the tabs storing spring energy in the blades, pushing the tab edges below the bottom plane of the paver, releasing the stored spring energy thereby substantially decompressing and re-forming the tabs such that the tab edges contact and engage the underside of the paver to be extracted.