A dual-unit paving system for covering a surface has pairs of first and second units. For each pair, the first and second unit have different respective shapes and sizes, and are configured to be matingly engageable for forming a hexagonal assembly having six, non-linear sides. The hexagonal assembly allows forming rotational tessellations. The first and second units are also shaped and configured to be matingly engageable so as to form horizontally aligned tessellations, and also vertically aligned tessellations.

A two layer foam mat is described. The raw materials for each layer are separately mixed and heated in different batches, and separately pressed through heated rollers to form a plurality of sheets. One or more sheets from each batch are stacked together in a press and heated above a foaming temperature to permit the stacked sheets to foam and expand. The press restricts the sheets from vertical expansion while allowing horizontal expansion. Once the sheets are foamed, a series of alternating teeth and receiving slots can be cut around the boundary of the mat to form an interlocking peripheral wall. The layers preferably have the same chemical composition after foaming, even though the layers are formed from different batches and may have different colors and/or textures.

Disclosed is a universal mold having removable arm members and socket members that can be configured to fabricate the border blocks, the corner blocks and the interior blocks.

A golf course bunker drainage system has been developed that is a modular structure taking the form of a plurality of porous bunker paver blocks formed of material exhibiting vertical and horizontal infiltration rates at least the same as bunker sand. The plurality of porous bunker paver blocks is disposed as a boundary layer between a bunker subsoil bottom surface and overlying bunker sand, allowing rainwater to drain into the subsoil, with excess rainwater directed away from the bunker sand. The use of bunker paver blocks also maintains the integrity of the bunker shape and prevents movement of sand and other materials along steeply sloping bunker sidewalls.

Reversible floor mats having two layers bonded together at an undulating surface are described. Each layer has a generally non-constant across over its width and length. The combined thickness of the two layers is generally constant over its width and length. The layers have different colors and/or different surface textures to provide different working surfaces.

A synthetic ice panel system for use on a ground surface includes plurality of substantially flat panels that mutually interlock to form a rink, such as for ice skating. Each panel includes a top surface, a bottom surface adapted for resting on the ground surface, and a peripheral edge. The peripheral edge includes a plurality of interlocking tabs and recesses operative to mutually interlock with adjacent panels. Each panel is preferably made with a high-density polymer infused with a lubricant. As such, ice skates and the like are able to slide with relatively low friction on the top surface of the panel. Weather permitting; the panels may be inverted in some embodiments wherein the bottom surface of each panel includes a cooling channel containing a cooling tube through which a coolant flows to freeze water resting on the panel, thereby forming a layer of ice above the panel.

A modular heated surface system which can quickly be assembled from several pieces. The system can be designed to fit sidewalks and driveways of any size and includes durable surfaces for driving vehicles across the platforms. A drain assembly is included to ensure that the water produced from melted ice and snow is properly drained away from the heated surface. The system is powered by plugging the system into a standard 120V outlet.

An integrated ground surface system is provided for collecting and recycling de-icing fluid. The system includes: a permeable ground surface layer; a containment area located below the permeable ground surface layer, and comprising an impermeable liner to collect the de-icing fluid; a reservoir in fluidic communication with the containment area for storing the de-icing fluid; and an applicator device in fluidic communication with the reservoir to dispense the de-icing fluid.

A module for use in constructing a pathway for traffic comprises a base member that defines a lateral groove disposed at its perimeter edge and extending along a first end, and a tongue structure disposed at its perimeter edge and extending along a second end. The tongue structure is received in the lateral groove and comprises a plurality of tongue portions that includes a first type of tongue portion and a second type of tongue portion disposed in alternating relation along the length of the tongue structure, to thereby define a throughpassage for receiving a securing rod. The first and second tongue portions have no vertical overlap one with the other. To form a pathway for traffic, the modules are placed in perimeter-edge to perimeter-edge relation, with the tongue structure of the modules inserted into the lateral groove of an adjacent module, and are secured together by the securing rod.

A module for use in constructing a pathway for traffic comprises a base member and a top plate is securable to the base member and having a plurality of horizontally spaced upwardly projecting button structures, including solid button structures and fastener-receiving button structures. The solid button structures are each integrally formed with the top plate. The fastener-receiving button structures each comprise an upwardly projecting peripheral portion and a depressed central portion. The fastener-receiving apertures are disposed one within each of the depressed central portion and are each surrounded by the upwardly projecting peripheral portion. A cap member is securable within the depressed central portion of each fastener-receiving button structure. To form a pathway for traffic, the modules are placed in perimeter-edge to perimeter-edge relation, and each top plate is secured to the base member by fasteners extending through the fastener-receiving apertures and securely engaged in the base member.