A production method of microencapsulated probiotics with chitosan-alginate polymers, the microcapsules loaded with probiotics obtained by this method and their use in food, agriculture and cosmetics. The microcapsules do not make alterations in the color and appearance of the product in which they are applied and have antifungal and anti-mycotoxin features.

Disclosed are methods of administering one or more Bacillus subtilis strains to swine. The Bacillus subtilis strains that are administered include 747 (NRRL B-67257), 1104 (NRRL B-67258), 1541 (NRRL B-67260), 1781 (NRRL B-67259), 2018 (NRRL B-67261), and BS1999 (NRRL B-67318). The Bacillus strains improve bacterial homeostasis in the gastrointestinal tract by inhibiting bacterial pathogens such as E. coli, Clostridium, Salmonella, and Streptococcus. Administering the Bacillus strains also improves performance such as weight gain and feed conversion. Useful combinations of Bacillus strains and methods of using one or more Bacillus strains are also provided.

Provided is a probiotic composition, comprising at least one genus of mixotrophic microorganism and a carrier and pharmaceutical preparations comprising such a composition for use in the treatment of bloating in an animal. Also provided are methods of use of such pharmaceutical preparations in the treatment of bloating in an animal.

A method for treating the gastrointestinal or a urogenital system of a subject with prebiotic nutrients and probiotic bacteria is provided. Multi-chamber products are described which include at least two chambers wherein probiotic bacteria or human microbiome transplants are contained in one or more inner chambers and wherein prebiotic nutrients are contained in an outer chamber, the outer chamber completely enclosing the inner chamber(s). One or both chambers may contain a pharmaceutically acceptable material that is solid outside the human body when in a dry environment, but that melts at internal body temperature. The products may be administered by oral, rectal, vaginal, or urethral routes.

Provided is a composition comprising an isolated Lactobacillus paracasei D3.5 strain or cellular components thereof. In some embodiments, the composition is provided in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, which may be a food product, tablet or capsule suitable for enteral administration, etc. Also provided is a composition comprising lipoteichoic acid isolated from Lactobacillus paracasei D3.5 strain, which may be provided in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Provided herein are methods and compositions for the treatment of cancer by modulating the microbiome to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade. The microbiome may be modulated by the administration of butyrate and/or butyrate-producing bacteria. Also provided herein are methods of determining a response to an immune checkpoint inhibitor by identifying if a subject has a favorable microbial profile.

Use of a fructose disaccharide or fructooligosaccharide, for increasing protein production in Bifidobacterium longum subsp longum.

A recombinant vector containing the immunogenic protein of African swine fever virus, a recombinant bacterium and use thereof, and relates to the technical field of gene recombination. The recombinant vector can be used to construct a recombinant Lactobacillus expressing the immunogenic protein of African swine fever virus, and after mixing the Lactobacillus solution that can secrete protein p72 and protein p54, respectively, an oral live bacterial preparation for preventing African swine fever can be prepared. The oral live bacteria preparation prepared by the disclosure can safely, effectively and quickly prevent the infection of African swine fever virus to pigs, and does not contain an immune process.

Disclosed are probiotic formulations comprising fortified avian eggs and avian egg products such as egg powder, and methods for producing the same substantially no meat containing growth media such as MRS. The formulations may be used to supplement food that include, but are not limited to, baby foods, milk, and pet foods. Effective amounts of the fortified egg formulations comprising at least about 10.sup.9 CFU/dosage of probiotics may be used to treat health issues that include, but are not limited to, irritable bowel syndrome. The probiotic formulation may comprise bacterial strains comprising at least one of L. casei, L. rhamnosus, B. breve, Bifidobacterium longum, L. acidophilus, L. plantarum, B. bifidum, L. fermentum, L. lactis, L. paracasei, and L. salivarius.

The present application relates to probiotic compositions, e.g., comprising at least one bacterial strain selected from: Streptococcus thermophiles, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei, KE99, and Lactobacillus bulgaricus, optionally wherein the at least one bacterial strain is either alive or sonicated.