A roadway crossover apparatus includes a first manifold having at least one fluid inlet and a plurality of fluid outlets, a second manifold having a plurality of fluid inlets and at least one fluid outlet, and a plurality of polymeric tubes. Each polymeric tube has a first end fluidically connected to one of the fluid outlets of the first manifold and a second end fluidically connected to a corresponding one of the fluid inlets of the second manifold so the polymeric tubes extend between the first manifold and the second manifold with the first manifold and the second manifold spatially disposed relative to one another and the polymeric tubes spatially disposed relative to one another to permit a vehicle to pass over the polymeric tubes between the first manifold and the second manifold when the first manifold and the second manifold are positioned on a roadway.

An elongated girder for use in a bridge includes a girder body having a modified V-shaped cross section. The body includes longitudinally extending webs defining sides of the girder, a bottom flange extending between the webs, and top flanges extending outwardly from the webs.

A structural panel and method of fabricating and manufacturing same comprises a top panel and a bottom panel separated by and attached to at least one, but preferably a plurality, of structural composite preforms which may be fabricated by a continuous manufacturing process and may be saturated by resin using a continuous wetting process. The composite preforms may take any cross sectional shape but are preferably trapezoidal. The top and bottom panels may be fabricated from a plurality of layers of woven fabric layers and non-woven fabric layers which are saturated with a resin that is subsequently cured using cure processes known in the art. The composite structural panel of the invention is usable as a flat structural member for use as bridge decking, ramps, trestles, and any application requiring a structural panel.

An elongated girder for use in a bridge includes a girder body having a modified V-shaped cross section. The body includes longitudinally extending webs defining sides of the girder, a bottom flange extending between the webs, and top flanges extending outwardly from the webs.

A modular foundation structure for artificial surface systems includes a structural base layer with a shaped rigid foam having contoured and elevated features, an adhesive layer covering the structural base layer, and an impact and thermal protective layer attached to the structural base layer via the adhesive layer. The impact and thermal protective layer is configured to support an artificial surface layer and has a relatively higher melting point and compression recovery factor than the structural base layer. The shaped rigid may be a closed-cell foam such as Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) or Expanded polyethylene (EPE), and the impact and thermal protective layer may be a bead molded Expanded Polypropylene (EPP) foam. The impact and thermal protective layer may have a melting point of about 300 degrees Fahrenheit, and the structural base layer has a melting point of less than 200 degrees Fahrenheit.

A composite structural panel for use in bridge structures, and method of manufacturing same, comprises a top panel and a bottom panel separated by and attached to at least one, but preferably a plurality, of structural composite preforms which may be fabricated by a continuous manufacturing process and may be saturated by resin using a continuous wetting process. The composite preforms may take any cross sectional shape but are preferably trapezoidal. The top and bottom panels may be fabricated from a plurality of layers of woven fabric layers and non-woven fabric layers which are saturated with a resin that is subsequently cured using cure processes known in the art. The composite structural panel of the invention is usable as a flat structural member for use as bridge decking, ramps, trestles, and any application requiring a structural panel.

A structural panel and method of fabricating and manufacturing same comprises a top panel and a bottom panel separated by and attached to at least one, but preferably a plurality, of structural composite preforms which may be fabricated by a continuous manufacturing process and may be saturated by resin using a continuous wetting process. The composite preforms may take any cross sectional shape but are preferably trapezoidal. The top and bottom panels may be fabricated from a plurality of layers of woven fabric layers and non-woven fabric layers which are saturated with a resin that is subsequently cured using cure processes known in the art. The composite structural panel of the invention is usable as a flat structural member for use as bridge decking, ramps, trestles, and any application requiring a structural panel.

A bridge construction having a bridge support or abutment and a bridge deck supported thereon. The bridge deck includes a composite panel with a top plastic skin, a bottom plastic skin and a core arranged between and attached to the plastic skins. The bridge deck also includes an edge beam extending along at least one edge of the composite panel and resting on the bridge support. The top plastic skin has a protruding part which protrudes laterally relative to the core and the bottom plastic skin. The protruding part of the top plastic skin extends over and is attached to a top side of the edge beam, and both the core and the lower plastic skin extend laterally up to a front side of the edge beam.

A structural panel and method of fabricating and manufacturing same comprises a top panel and a bottom panel separated by and attached to at least one, but preferably a plurality, of structural composite preforms which may be fabricated by a continuous manufacturing process and may be saturated by resin using a continuous wetting process. The composite preforms may take any cross sectional shape but are preferably trapezoidal. The top and bottom panels may be fabricated from a plurality of layers of woven fabric layers and non-woven fabric layers which are saturated with a resin that is subsequently cured using cure processes known in the art. The composite structural panel of the invention is usable as a flat structural member for use as bridge decking, ramps, trestles, and any application requiring a structural panel.

A modular bridge is formed from a plurality of bridge modules. In one embodiment, the bridge includes: a first longitudinal compression member that is, in use, at an upper part of the bridge cross-section; a second longitudinal compression member that is, in use, at a lower part of the bridge cross-section; a structural lateral element for forming a deck of the bridge or for supporting deck elements of the bridge; a shear element for carrying a shear load; and a tension member applying a compressive force to one of the longitudinal compression members such that when in use the other of the longitudinal compression members forms a main compression element for the bridge and the tension member forms a main tension element for the bridge. The bridge modules form segments of the length of the bridge and each bridge module is of a one-piece construction.