A microcapsule and a preparation method thereof, especially a multi-layer microcapsule containing an active substance and a preparation method thereof, the microcapsule having a single-layer or a multiple-layer encapsulation structure. A probiotic microcapsule and a preparation method thereof, the probiotic microcapsule having a single-layer or a multi-layer encapsulation structure. A food product or a health product containing a probiotic microcapsule (comprising a dairy product, a fermented-style food product, a beverage, chocolate, candy, a baked good, a fruit or vegetable juice product, etc. containing a probiotic microcapsule) and a preparation method thereof. A probiotic microcapsule soft powder and a preparation method thereof, the probiotic microcapsule soft powder comprising probiotic microcapsule nata de coco soft powder and probiotic microcapsule gel ball soft powder.

A nutritional composition comprises fucosylated human milk oligosaccharide and/or sialylated human milk oligosaccha-ride, non-digestible, fermentable polysaccharide, and Bifidobacterium. The nutritional composition is free of short-chain fructooligosac-charide having at least about 50% of molecules with a degree of polymerization of less than about 5. A method of treating a subject at risk of developing a Clostridium difficile infection or a subject having a Clostridium difficile infection comprises administering such a nutritional composition.

Therapeutic compositions for addressing physiological stresses and aging include an immune modulator and one or more adaptogenic nutrients. Some non-limiting examples of immune modulators include as transfer factor, low molecular weight fraction immune modulators and/or other low molecular weight fractions of colostrum, egg or any other source of transfer factor or low molecular weight fraction immune modulators. Methods for administering immune modulators and adaptogenic nutrients to a subject to address the effects of physiological stresses and aging in the body of the subject, such as inflammatory responses, are also disclosed.

Therapeutic compositions for addressing physiological stresses and aging include an immune modulator and one or more adaptogenic nutrients. Some non-limiting examples of immune modulators include as transfer factor, low molecular weight fraction immune modulators and/or other low molecular weight fractions of colostrum, egg or any other source of transfer factor or low molecular weight fraction immune modulators. Methods for administering immune modulators and adaptogenic nutrients to a subject to address the effects of physiological stresses and aging in the body of the subject, such as inflammatory responses, are also disclosed.

Therapeutic compositions for addressing physiological stresses and aging include an immune modulator and one or more adaptogenic nutrients. Some non-limiting examples of immune modulators include as transfer factor, low molecular weight fraction immune modulators and/or other low molecular weight fractions of colostrum, egg or any other source of transfer factor or low molecular weight fraction immune modulators. Methods for administering immune modulators and adaptogenic nutrients to a subject to address the effects of physiological stresses and aging in the body of the subject, such as inflammatory responses, are also disclosed.

The disclosure provides a method of improving the cognitive function of an animal by providing a composition containing beta-casein, wherein at least 75% by weight of the beta-casein is a beta-casein variant that does not produce BCM-7 on digestion in the gut of the animal.

The disclosure provides a method of improving the cognitive function of an animal by providing a composition containing beta-casein, wherein at least 75% by weight of the beta-casein is a beta-casein variant that does not produce BCM-7 on digestion in the gut of the animal.

A method of improving at least one of the following in an individual: lean mass, muscle strength, cognition, systemic inflammation levels, blood cholesterol levels, blood triglyceride levels and glucose tolerance is provided, comprising administering to the individual a multi-nutrient composition a protein, creatine, vitamin D, calcium and an n-3 fatty acid.

The present invention relates to myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and exosomes derived therefrom (MDSC exo) and application thereof.

Compositions are provided comprising a pro-reparative factor such as a colostrum, a nutritional protease inhibitor to decrease enzymatic digestion of the pro-reparative factors, and optionally a stabilizing agent, to allow the pro-reparative factors to reach the small intestine intact following oral administration. Methods are provided for treating, alleviating, and preventing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and other disorders of the gastrointestinal tract.