In alternative embodiments, provided are novel applications of bacteria which originate from the phylum of Actinobacteria and sub-order Corynebacterineae, family Dietziaceae, including genus Dietzia and other genera. Such bacilli can profoundly interfere with bacteria generally belonging to this and other phyla, and can be useful in treating chronic infections. Hence, such organisms can ameliorate or cure clinical infections caused by pathogens from this phylum such as Mycobacteriaceae and Mycobacterium such as M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium sub species paratuberculosis (MAP).

In alternative embodiments, provided are novel applications of bacteria which originate from the phylum of Actinobacteria and sub-order Corynebacterineae, family Dietziaceae, including genus Dietzia and other genera. Such bacilli can profoundly interfere with bacteria generally belonging to this and other phyla, and can be useful in treating chronic infections. Hence, such organisms can ameliorate or cure clinical infections caused by pathogens from this phylum such as Mycobacteriaceae and Mycobacterium such as M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium sub species paratuberculosis (MAP).

The present disclosure provides methods and treatment regimens for treating ulcerative colitis in a subject in need thereof. In particular, the methods described herein comprise treating a subject in need thereof with a treatment regimen comprising the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising live non-pathogenic fecal bacteria for at least 8 weeks and at least three times per week. In an aspect, the subject in need thereof exhibits a Mayo endoscopy score of 3 or lower. In some aspects, the subject in need thereof has no concomitant corticosteroid use during said method and has no corticosteroid use immediately prior to commencing said method.

The present disclosure provides methods and treatment regimens for treating ulcerative colitis in a subject in need thereof. In particular, the methods described herein comprise treating a subject in need thereof with a treatment regimen comprising the administration of a pharmaceutical composition comprising live non-pathogenic fecal bacteria for at least 8 weeks and at least three times per week. In an aspect, the subject in need thereof exhibits a Mayo endoscopy score of 3 or lower. In some aspects, the subject in need thereof has no concomitant corticosteroid use during said method and has no corticosteroid use immediately prior to commencing said method.

The present disclosure relates to the use of autologous fecal samples obtained from a subject for use in prevention and/or treatment of microbial dysbiosis in the gastrointestinal tract in said subject and to related pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration. The disclosed autologous fecal samples are useful for treatment of microbial dysbiosis in the gastrointestinal tract associated with medical treatment and/or various indications, including chronic disease and infectious disease, for example Clostridium difficile infection.

The present disclosure relates to the use of autologous fecal samples obtained from a subject for use in prevention and/or treatment of microbial dysbiosis in the gastrointestinal tract in said subject and to related pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration. The disclosed autologous fecal samples are useful for treatment of microbial dysbiosis in the gastrointestinal tract associated with medical treatment and/or various indications, including chronic disease and infectious disease, for example Clostridium difficile infection.

The present disclosure is generally related to methods for combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy for the treatment of a cancer. The methods also relate to generating a drug-resistant cytotoxic immune cell line and uses thereof in conjunction with cytotoxic drugs.

Disclosed herein are therapeutic compositions containing non-pathogenic, germination-competent bacterial spores, for the prevention, control, and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, disorders and conditions and for general nutritional health.

Disclosed herein are therapeutic compositions containing non-pathogenic, germination-competent bacterial spores, for the prevention, control, and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, disorders and conditions and for general nutritional health.

The current invention provides for methods of promoting differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into esophageal progenitor cells as well as the cells obtained from the methods, solutions, compositions, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such cells. The current invention also provides for methods of using the esophageal progenitor cells for treatment and prevention of disease, and kits.