A delaminated subway station structure in a sea-land connection region includes an openly-excavated station hall, a platform floor, a first air shaft duct, a second air shaft, up and down entrances and exits, a barrier-free entrance and exit, and an under-rail street passage, where the platform floor is formed by expanding an existing running tunnel, such that a double-vault structure of the platform floor is formed; two groups of up and down entrances and exits are disposed, and located in waiting regions on two sides respectively to connect expanded ear chambers on two sides and the openly-excavated station hall; two groups of barrier-free entrances and exits are disposed, and located in the waiting regions on the two sides respectively; and the under-rail street passage is closely attached to a bottom plate of the existing running tunnel to form an underpass and connects to the expanded ear chambers.

A delaminated subway station structure in a sea-land connection region includes an openly-excavated station hall, a platform floor, a first air shaft duct, a second air shaft, up and down entrances and exits, a barrier-free entrance and exit, and an under-rail street passage, where the platform floor is formed by expanding an existing running tunnel, such that a double-vault structure of the platform floor is formed; two groups of up and down entrances and exits are disposed, and located in waiting regions on two sides respectively to connect expanded ear chambers on two sides and the openly-excavated station hall; two groups of barrier-free entrances and exits are disposed, and located in the waiting regions on the two sides respectively; and the under-rail street passage is closely attached to a bottom plate of the existing running tunnel to form an underpass and connects to the expanded ear chambers.

A sheltering system comprised of a housing unit made of at least one panel connected to a base with one or more entrances into the housing unit and a structural framework with at least one beam that extends the length or width of a panel or base on the housing unit. The beam has at least one notch near the joining of two panels or a panel and the base. The housing unit may be connected to an air intake system that allows for air to move into the interior of the housing unit and then egress out.

Described herein are apparatus, systems and methods useful in forming underground vertical structures. Methods are described for constructing an underground vertical structure, comprising the steps of excavating soil to a sufficient depth to create a circular void to accommodate a plurality of segments; assembling a ring shaped structure comprising the plurality of segments; connecting the outside surface of the ring shaped structure with the soil in said circular void, thereby securing the ring shaped structure to the soil; excavating earth beneath the ring shaped structure to accommodate a second ring shaped structure; and repeating steps b-d thereby forming one or more additional ring shaped structures downward into the earth below already formed ring shaped structures until a predetermined depth is reached; thereby forming the underground vertical structure. Systems to perform the above methods are also disclosed.

Described herein are apparatus, systems and methods useful in forming underground vertical structures. Methods are described for constructing an underground vertical structure, comprising the steps of excavating soil to a sufficient depth to create a circular void to accommodate a plurality of segments; assembling a ring shaped structure comprising the plurality of segments; connecting the outside surface of the ring shaped structure with the soil in said circular void, thereby securing the ring shaped structure to the soil; excavating earth beneath the ring shaped structure to accommodate a second ring shaped structure; and repeating steps b-d thereby forming one or more additional ring shaped structures downward into the earth below already formed ring shaped structures until a predetermined depth is reached; thereby forming the underground vertical structure. Systems to perform the above methods are also disclosed.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce a cost and a construction period, secure measures for stability of the shelter main body against a tsunami, water pressure resistant performance against the tsunami generated by the Nankai Trough Great Earthquake, safety performance necessary for using the evacuation shelter, and good living comfort, and shorten evacuation time.

The shelter main body 3 is connected to the concrete foundation 2 and has a structure with the frame 3a of a columnar structure, the ceiling 3b, and the internal space 9 of a columnar structure. The inner hatch 5 is attached to the periphery of the opening 4 provided in the ceiling 3b by a hinge in an openable and closable manner. A rising portion 6 rises upward from the peripheral edge of the opening 4. The outer hatch 7 is connected to the upper surface of the rising portion 6 by a hinge 7a in an openable and closable manner. A pair of rails 8 is arranged in the vertical direction on the inner wall surface of the frame 3a of a columnar structure of the shelter main body 3. The movable floor 10 is capable of moving up and down inside the internal space 9 along the rails 8.

An underground storage unit for storing bulk sulfur includes a base layer comprising leachate collection pipes arranged to form a grid of cells, and high strength sulfur positioned at each cell, an intermediate layer comprising high strength sulfur side walls extending from a perimeter of the base layer, and bulk sulfur positioned on top of the base layer, a top layer positioned at an extent of the side walls and comprising a first sub-layer formed from high strength sulfur, a second sub-layer formed from a rigid moisture resistant material, and a third sub-layer formed from top soil, and one or more hatches positioned at the top layer that provide access to the bulk sulfur of the intermediate layer.

An underground storage unit for storing bulk sulfur includes a base layer comprising leachate collection pipes arranged to form a grid of cells, and high strength sulfur positioned at each cell, an intermediate layer comprising high strength sulfur side walls extending from a perimeter of the base layer, and bulk sulfur positioned on top of the base layer, a top layer positioned at an extent of the side walls and comprising a first sub-layer formed from high strength sulfur, a second sub-layer formed from a rigid moisture resistant material, and a third sub-layer formed from top soil, and one or more hatches positioned at the top layer that provide access to the bulk sulfur of the intermediate layer.

A drainage device, system, and method for draining moisture at a wall adjacent to and projecting from a floor is provided. An elongated body extends arcuately above the floor and is attached to the floor to define a channel between the elongated body and the floor for receiving moisture from proximate the wall at a rearward end of the elongated body. A barrier is proximate the wall and defines an opening to the wall adjacent to the floor that is dimensioned complementarily to the elongated body for receiving the elongated body therein. A rear flange at the rearward end is dimensioned to be captively received between the wall and a barrier via the opening for allowing the moisture between the barrier and the wall to drain into the channel via the rearward end. A sealant seals the rear flange to the barrier.

Described herein are apparatus, systems and methods useful in forming vertical structures.