A method for use with an underground network that includes a plurality of locations. The method includes receiving sensor data from at least one sensor located at a first of the plurality of locations and determining the sensor data indicates that a fire is in progress. The method includes identifying one or more of the locations as one or more potential combustion locations and assigning an estimate of a probability to each of the potential combustion location(s). The estimate estimates a likelihood that the potential combustion location is an actual combustion source. The method may include displaying the estimate of the probability assigned to each of the one or more potential combustion locations.

A method for use with an underground network that includes a plurality of locations. The method includes receiving sensor data from at least one sensor located at a first of the plurality of locations and determining the sensor data indicates that a fire is in progress. The method includes identifying one or more of the locations as one or more potential combustion locations and assigning an estimate of a probability to each of the potential combustion location(s). The estimate estimates a likelihood that the potential combustion location is an actual combustion source. The method may include displaying the estimate of the probability assigned to each of the one or more potential combustion locations.

A safety railing system for an underground utility enclosure includes a utility hatch frame for the underground utility enclosure or a utility hatch cover for the utility hatch frame, and a folding safety railing. The folding safety railing includes a first panel pivotally connected to the utility hatch frame or the utility hatch cover, and a second panel pivotally connected to the first panel. The folding safety railing unfolds so the first and the second panels stand vertically along one or more edges of the utility hatch frame.

An apparatus and method is provided for repairing an underground structure such as a pipe or manhole. The apparatus includes a liner assembly made of resin absorbent material. Some embodiments may further include a bladder assembly to help position the liner and press the liner against the walls of the underground structure. A sealing member is positioned in the underground structure. In some embodiments the sealing member is a separate member made from a compressible material, an absorbent material, or a hydrophilic or hydrophobic material. In other embodiments the sealing member is a portion of the liner assembly. The sealing member includes one or more channels adapted to receive a semi-liquid such as a hydrophilic or hydrophobic paste or grout. The semi-liquid is capable of swelling in response to being exposed to another liquid, such as water, and forms a seal between the liner assembly and the host pipe/manhole.

A lining tube for restoring a defective sewer shaft which has a first shaft portion of a first diameter and an adjoining second shaft portion of an larger diameter. The lining tube has inner film tube and a radially expandable layer of fibrous material around the inner film tube and impregnated with a curable reactive resin. The inner film tube has a connecting portion which extends in the longitudinal direction and which connects two mutually parallel circumferential portions of the inner film tube to a circumferentially closed inner film tube. The connecting portion has a predetermined breaking point which extends along the inner film tube and can be separated in the circumferential direction by introducing a pressure medium into the inner film tube, in order to radially expand the inner film tube and the layer of fibrous material beyond their nominal diameter.

A pit and an extension, each having flanges extending perpendicular to an axis of the pit and extension. The pit includes holes extending outwardly in the wall of the pit, preferably these holes are located at one end of the pit. Surfaces of the flanges are configured to mate together and clips secure the flanges together to inhibit movement apart of the pit and extension along the axis. In certain embodiments, the extension includes support ribs which may be both interior and exterior and the extension narrows from its flange towards an opposite end thereof.

A permanent on-site manhole casting system comprising a top, a main barrel, and a base. Each component consists of a ribbed plastic outer barrel and a ribbed plastic inner barrel with a plurality of plastic tie strips used to connect the said outer and inner barrels. A coupling mechanism consisting of a plastic outer coupling ring and a plastic inner coupling ring is welded to the coupling ends of the top, main barrel and base which connects the top, main barrel and base components. A concrete mixture is poured into the space between the coupled outer and inner barrels where the concrete is then allowed to set and cure and the filled form is then completely buried.

An apparatus and method is provided for repairing an underground structure such as a pipe or manhole. The apparatus includes a liner assembly made of resin absorbent material. Some embodiments may further include a bladder assembly to help position the liner and press the liner against the walls of the underground structure. A sealing member is positioned in the underground structure. In some embodiments the sealing member is a separate member made from a compressible material, an absorbent material, or a hydrophilic or hydrophobic material. In other embodiments the sealing member is a portion of the liner assembly. The sealing member includes one or more channels adapted to receive a semi-liquid such as a hydrophilic or hydrophobic paste or grout. The semi-liquid is capable of swelling in response to being exposed to another liquid, such as water, and forms a seal between the liner assembly and the host pipe/manhole.

A liner for a manhole cover is made up of stackable sections. Each stackable section is formed of a plurality (e.g. 4) pieces. Each piece comprises a first arm and a second arm which are substantially perpendicular to one another, the first arm being longer than the second arm, and both arms comprising connection means to allow the pieces to be connected together. The respective dimensions of the first arm and the second arm are chosen such that, when the piece is incorporated into a stackable section comprising three other corresponding pieces that are connected to each other in a sequence of a second arm of one piece connected to the first arm of an adjacent piece to form a quadrilateral stackable section, a further corresponding piece can fit within the stackable section along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first arm. Further corresponding pieces can thus be arranged within a complete stackable section to maximize the number of pieces that can be transported in a given space.

A liner for a manhole cover is made up of stackable sections. Each stackable section is formed of a plurality (e.g. 4) pieces. Each piece comprises a first arm and a second arm which are substantially perpendicular to one another, the first arm being longer than the second arm, and both arms comprising connection means to allow the pieces to be connected together. The respective dimensions of the first arm and the second arm are chosen such that, when the piece is incorporated into a stackable section comprising three other corresponding pieces that are connected to each other in a sequence of a second arm of one piece connected to the first arm of an adjacent piece to form a quadrilateral stackable section, a further corresponding piece can fit within the stackable section along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the first arm. Further corresponding pieces can thus be arranged within a complete stackable section to maximize the number of pieces that can be transported in a given space.