Disclosed are a system and method for controlling land deformation, and a method for optimal design of a well in a system for controlling a well in a system for controlling land deformation. The land deformation control system with respect to a land including an confined aquifer and an aquiclude above the confined aquifer includes a first well for water pumping from or water injecting into the confined aquifer; and one or more second wells spaced apart from the first well by a predetermined distance and having a lower end portion positioned in the aquiclude, wherein a water level of the second well is maintained at a preset water level value to control an amount of change in water head of the aquiclude, which drops due to pumping of the confined aquifer or rises due to injection with respect to each of the second wells.

Disclosed are a system and method for controlling land deformation, and a method for optimal design of a well in a system for controlling a well in a system for controlling land deformation. The land deformation control system with respect to a land including an confined aquifer and an aquiclude above the confined aquifer includes a first well for water pumping from or water injecting into the confined aquifer; and one or more second wells spaced apart from the first well by a predetermined distance and having a lower end portion positioned in the aquiclude, wherein a water level of the second well is maintained at a preset water level value to control an amount of change in water head of the aquiclude, which drops due to pumping of the confined aquifer or rises due to injection with respect to each of the second wells.

A drainage tile stringer system which includes a spool which has an automated hat, which translates along the stinger or shaft of the spool so that the vertical size of the spool is adjustable to accommodate differences in coils of drainage tiles. The system is automated so that a single controller can be utilized to perform all of the hydraulic functions required to load a coil onto the drainage tile stringer system and to adjust the vertical spool dimension.

A drainage tile stringer system which includes a spool which has an automated hat, which translates along the stinger or shaft of the spool so that the vertical size of the spool is adjustable to accommodate differences in coils of drainage tiles. The system is automated so that a single controller can be utilized to perform all of the hydraulic functions required to load a coil onto the drainage tile stringer system and to adjust the vertical spool dimension.

A system is provided that increases the deformability of buried pipelines to accommodate combinations of vertical, lateral and longitudinal displacements and subsequent curvatures caused by ground movements. Installation of this system prevents concentration of deformations which may cause catastrophic failures such as buckling, yielding, rupture, and weld failures. The assembly includes an element provided adjacent a pipeline and collapsible in two orthogonal directions; one, the longitudinal direction of the pipe, and two, a direction of expected lateral movement of the pipe. The collapsible element is configured to resist soil pressure in a direction orthogonal to the first two directions, and further provided is a supporting backing element adjacent an end of the collapsible element opposed to the pipeline, to prevent exposure of the collapsible element to soil pressure in one of the two orthogonal collapsible directions. The size and configuration of the installation depends on the soil and pipe properties, and type/magnitude of expected displacements.

Concrete wall supports that reduce or eliminate wall movement due to exterior horizontal forces. One support is a bracket mounted to a floor joist with a plate extending below the top of the wall and two legs extending from the plate and attaching to the joist. One leg is above the concrete wall on one horizontal side of the plate, and the other leg is on the opposite side of the plate. Another support has a plate that extends below the top of the wall with two legs on opposite sides of the joist above the wall. A leg attaches to the lower edge of the joist. A support against shear forces includes a highly water permeable aggregate composite disposed in the voids of the wall, with a supportive strip that is enclosed in the aggregate composite and extends out of the voids to the face of the wall.

Concrete wall supports that reduce or eliminate wall movement due to exterior horizontal forces. One support is a bracket mounted to a floor joist with a plate extending below the top of the wall and two legs extending from the plate and attaching to the joist. One leg is above the concrete wall on one horizontal side of the plate, and the other leg is on the opposite side of the plate. Another support has a plate that extends below the top of the wall with two legs on opposite sides of the joist above the wall. A leg attaches to the lower edge of the joist. A support against shear forces includes a highly water permeable aggregate composite disposed in the voids of the wall, with a supportive strip that is enclosed in the aggregate composite and extends out of the voids to the face of the wall.

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clay mineral. The method includes (a) carrying out a forcefield-modified molecular level simulation to determine an amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clay mineral to form a swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral with a reduced swell potential S.sub.i(ECM) that is no greater than a pre-set level T, wherein the swelling reduction agent comprises at least one cementation material of calcite, gypsum, and potassium chloride and/or at least one exchangeable cation of K.sup.+, Ca.sup.2+, and Mg.sup.2+, and wherein the forcefield-modified molecular level simulation comprises molecular mechanics, molecular dynamics, and Monte Carlo simulation techniques configured to simulate the reduced swell potential S.sub.i(ECM), and (b) incorporating the amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clay mineral to form the swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clay mineral.

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clayey soil comprising expansive clay mineral(s) at a proportion of the total weight of the expansive clayey soil (P.sub.ECM). The method includes (a) calculating a first amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential no greater than a pre-set level T with a nano-level constitutive modeling based on the water content and the CEC of the expansive clayey soil and P.sub.ECM. The swelling reduction agent is at least one selected from calcite, gypsum, potassium chloride, a composition comprising exchangeable K.sup.+, a composition comprising exchangeable Ca.sup.2+, and/or a composition comprising exchangeable Mg.sup.2+, and (b) incorporating the first amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clayey soil to form the first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil.

A method of reducing the swell potential of an expansive clayey soil comprising expansive clay mineral(s) at a proportion of the total weight of the expansive clayey soil (P.sub.ECM). The method includes (a) calculating a first amount of a swelling reduction agent to be incorporated into the expansive clayey soil to form a first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil with a reduced swell potential no greater than a pre-set level T with a nano-level constitutive modeling based on the water content and the CEC of the expansive clayey soil and P.sub.ECM. The swelling reduction agent is at least one selected from calcite, gypsum, potassium chloride, a composition comprising exchangeable K.sup.+, a composition comprising exchangeable Ca.sup.2+, and/or a composition comprising exchangeable Mg.sup.2+, and (b) incorporating the first amount of the swelling reduction agent into the expansive clayey soil to form the first swelling reduction agent incorporated expansive clayey soil.