The present invention concerns a geosynthetic element for a geotechnical engineering application. The geosynthetic element comprises: bacteria carriers for carrying bacteria arranged to be propagated from the geosynthetic element to a surrounding geomaterial; and a flow network comprising openings on its surface to allow a reactant to escape the flow network to the surrounding geomaterial along the flow network to produce solid calcium carbonate when in contact with the bacteria. The reactant flow network further comprises a set of inlets for feeding the reactant into the flow network, and a set of outlets for recovering at least a part of the reactant from the reactant flow network.

Geocells for moderate to low load applications are disclosed here. The geocells have a cell wall thickness of from 0.25 mm to 0.95 mm. They have a wall strength of from 3500 N/m to 15000 N/m.

A multilayer integral geogrid, including one or more cellular layers, has a plurality of oriented multilayer strands interconnected by partially oriented multilayer junctions with an array of openings therein. The multilayer integral geogrid having one or more cellular layers is produced from a coextruded or laminated multilayer polymer starting sheet. The integral geogrid has a multilayer construction, with at least one outer layer thereof having the cellular structure. By virtue of the cellular layer structure, the multilayer integral geogrid provides for increased layer vertical compressibility under load, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the multilayer integral geogrid to stabilize and strengthen soil, aggregates, or other particulate materials.

A cementitious composite for in-situ hydration includes a structure layer having a first side and an opposing second side, a cementitious material disposed within the structure layer, a sealing layer disposed along and coupled to the first side of the structure layer, and a containment layer disposed along the opposing second side of the structure layer. The structure layer has an intersection at the sealing layer and the containment layer that is at least partially fiberless. The cementitious material includes a plurality of cementitious particles. The containment layer is configured to prevent the plurality of cementitious particles from migrating out of the structure layer.

An integral geogrid includes a plurality of interconnected, oriented strands having an array of openings therein that is produced from a coextruded multilayer polymer sheet starting material. By virtue of the construction, the coextruded multilayer sheet components provide a crystalline synergistic effect during extrusion and orientation of the integral geogrid, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the integral geogrid in soil geosyuthetic reinforcement.

Aspects of a geogrid system and method for improving substrate interactions within a geotechnical environment is disclosed. In one aspect a geotechnical environment is configured with a horizontal multilayer mechanically stabilizing geogrid. In said aspect the geogrid is extruded with a polymeric material and a compressible cellular layer, wherein the geogrid comprises a heightened aspect ratio with a patterned structure of engineered discontinuities and a plurality of strong axes. The combination of elements provides for a system and method of stabilizing soils and aggregate, by resisting lateral movement from the strong axes, and trapping particles in the patterned structure of engineered discontinuities.

A cementitious composite for in-situ hydration includes a structure layer having a first side and an opposing second side, a cementitious material disposed within the structure layer, a sealing layer disposed along and coupled to the first side of the structure layer, and a containment layer disposed along the opposing second side of the structure layer. The structure layer has an intersection at the sealing layer and the containment layer that is at least partially fiberless. The cementitious material includes a plurality of cementitious particles. The containment layer is configured to prevent the plurality of cementitious particles from migrating out of the structure layer.

An integral geogrid includes a plurality of interconnected, oriented strands having an array of openings therein that is produced from a coextruded multilayer polymer sheet starting material. By virtue of the construction, the coextruded multilayer sheet components provide a crystalline synergistic effect during extrusion and orientation of the integral geogrid, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the integral geogrid in soil geosynthetic reinforcement.

A method of making a multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes providing a polymer sheet, providing a patterned plurality of holes or depressions in the polymer sheet, and biaxially orienting the polymer sheet having the patterned plurality of holes or depressions therein to provide a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of the outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands, thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands extending continuously throughout the geogrid and forming triangular openings. The method provides a geogrid having a geometry configured to engage with, confine, and stabilize a large variety and quality of aggregates.

An integral geogrid includes a plurality of interconnected, oriented strands having an array of openings therein that is produced from a coextruded multilayer polymer sheet starting material. By virtue of the construction, the coextruded multilayer sheet components provide a crystalline synergistic effect during extrusion and orientation of the integral geogrid, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the integral geogrid in soil geosynthetic reinforcement.