In an immediate hot water supply operation mode in which a circulation pump is activated while a hot water supply faucet is closed, a water heating apparatus forms an immediate hot water supply circulation path by an inner path including a water entry path, a heat exchanger, and a hot water output path and an outer path bypassing the hot water supply faucet, as being combined. A controller stores as an actual flow rate value for each immediate hot water supply operation mode, a flow rate detection value by a flow rate sensor at predetermined timing, and calculates a flow rate learning value based on a plurality of stored actual flow rate values. When the flow rate detection value becomes larger than a criterion value set in accordance with the flow rate learning value, use of the hot water supply faucet is detected and the circulation pump is deactivated.

A water supply system for an aircraft has water lines which lead to a consumer group with at least one water consumer and at least one buffer upstream of the at least one water consumer. A discharge line discharges water from a water tank into the water lines and a feed pump in the discharge line supplies water from the water tank into the water lines. Each of the water lines is a flexible hose made of plastic with an internal diameter of at least 4 mm and a length of at most 100 m, and the feed pump is configured to convey water from the water tank into the water lines at a pressure of at most 25 bar and a flow rate of at most 1.4 liters per minute.

The invention relates to a method for operating a circulation system comprising a cooling device with an input port and an output port for cooling water. The invention also relates to a circulation system for implementing said method.

The invention relates to a method for operating a circulation system comprising a cooling device with an input port and an output port for cooling water. The invention also relates to a circulation system for implementing said method.

A bypass valve is for support between hot and cold water lines that connect to respective hot and cold fixtures. The bypass valve includes a valve body having an internal chamber, a hot water inlet port, a hot water outlet port and a discharge port; a bi-metal spring; a support member for mounting the bi-metal spring within the internal chamber of the valve body; and a shuttle mounted to the bi-metal spring and constructed and arranged to mate with the hot water inlet port in a closed position of the bi-metal spring. The bi-metal spring assumes an open position to disengage from the hot water inlet port at a predetermined water temperature to enable the hot water to discharge through the discharge port to the cold water line.

A programmable system with user interface control for water flow rate or water temperature. Embodiments of the invention include a water temperature control system for a shower.

A method for determining whether water contained within a water pipe system in a building is at risk of freezing is disclosed. The method is carried out by a detector device comprising a processor. The method comprises determining a plurality of pipe temperature measurements using a temperature sensor. The processor analyses the pipe temperature measurements to detect whether a water draw has occurred. An exterior building environment temperature is compared to a predetermined freeze alert threshold. If the processor detects that (i) a water draw has not occurred; and (ii) the indicative temperature of the exterior building environment is lower than the predetermined freeze alert threshold, an alert is transmitted.

A method for determining whether water contained within a water pipe system in a building is at risk of freezing is disclosed. The method is carried out by a detector device comprising a processor. The method comprises determining a plurality of pipe temperature measurements using a temperature sensor. The processor analyses the pipe temperature measurements to detect whether a water draw has occurred. An exterior building environment temperature is compared to a predetermined freeze alert threshold. If the processor detects that (i) a water draw has not occurred; and (ii) the indicative temperature of the exterior building environment is lower than the predetermined freeze alert threshold, an alert is transmitted.

A water management method for controlling at least one operational parameter of at least one water control device, wherein the operational parameter is associated with water used by the water control device, the method comprising: sending, from an electronic controller of the water control device, operational data associated with the operational parameter to an embedded electronic device; receiving, at the embedded electronic device, the operational data, and developing control data based on the received operational data and sending the control data to the electronic controller; and receiving, at the electronic controller, the control data and controlling the operational parameter of the water control device based on the received control data.

A water management method for controlling at least one operational parameter of at least one water control device, wherein the operational parameter is associated with water used by the water control device, the method comprising: sending, from an electronic controller of the water control device, operational data associated with the operational parameter to an embedded electronic device; receiving, at the embedded electronic device, the operational data, and developing control data based on the received operational data and sending the control data to the electronic controller; and receiving, at the electronic controller, the control data and controlling the operational parameter of the water control device based on the received control data.