A water management system effective for managing and metering water usage and detecting and reducing water leaks is described herein. The water management system can detect a leak when a volume of water flow or change in water pressure detected by a water meter of the system is uncharacteristic for a given day and time of day at the node. Upon detecting the leak, the system alerts the user, and in some situations, remotely shuts off a water supply to preemptively address a water leakage issue.

A filtration apparatus includes a flow path, a valve provided on the flow path, a first light source configured to emit a first light including ultraviolet (UV) light toward the flow path, a second light source configured to emit a second light including visible light or infrared light toward the flow path, a first optical sensor located out of a path of the first light and the second light, electrodes provided on the flow path, and a processor electrically coupled to the valve, the first light source, the second light source, the first optical sensor, and the electrodes. The processor is configured to alternately operate the first light source and the second light source, receive a first signal from the first optical sensor while the first light source emits the first light, and control the valve and the electrodes to sterilize the flow path based on the first signal.

Apparatuses for a hydrant, as well as associated methods for installing the same, may be directed to a threaded stem for actuating a hydrant outlet valve at a first end of the stem. An attachment nut may define a bore for supporting the stem in the hydrant. The attachment nut defines a cavity configured to receive water from a barrel of the hydrant. The attachment nut also defines a water access passage extending through an outer wall of the attachment nut to the cavity. The apparatus also includes a sensor in fluid communication with the cavity to obtain sensor data for the water in the barrel.

Apparatuses for a hydrant, as well as associated methods for installing the same, may be directed to a threaded stem for actuating a hydrant outlet valve at a first end of the stem. An attachment nut may define a bore for supporting the stem in the hydrant. The attachment nut defines a cavity configured to receive water from a barrel of the hydrant. The attachment nut also defines a water access passage extending through an outer wall of the attachment nut to the cavity. The apparatus also includes a sensor in fluid communication with the cavity to obtain sensor data for the water in the barrel.

The present invention provides stretchable laminates with a flat appearance on the visible surface. The laminates comprise a textile layer, a functional layer, and a plurality of elastic fibers. The plurality of elastic fibers are in a substantially parallel arrangement and the internal distance between adjacent fibers does not exceed the maximum fiber spacing, which depends on laminate thickness in a stretched state. Also provided are garments and footwear comprising the stretchable laminates and methods of producing the stretchable laminates.

A fluid pressure reducing valve apparatus includes a pressure reducing valve. The valve has: a body containing a fluid-flow chamber, a liquid supply orifice into the chamber, a liquid outlet from the chamber, a regulation plate opposed to the orifice, a spring acting to urge the plate towards the orifice, and a diaphragm between the plate and the body to close the chamber between them. A controllable motor drive acts between the body and an end of the spring remote from the plate. A flow meter is positioned downstream of the outlet. A controller is arranged to receive flow data from the flow meter and to control the motor drive for withdrawal of the remote end of the spring in accordance with flow rate measured by the flow meter. For an increase in demand flow, the plate is partially withdrawn to maintain downstream pressure on such increase and vice versa.

An isolation device and method are provided for isolating a plumbing system of a premises from a potable water source if permissible input water pressure parameters are violated. After the plumbing system has achieved a desired input water pressure, the isolation device places the plumbing system in an isolated state and only removes the plumbing system from the isolated state if the isolation device detects a demand for water from the plumbing system and if the isolation device determines that permissible input water pressure parameters are not being violated. Once the demand no longer exists, the isolation device returns the plumbing system to the isolated state.

A non-invasive thermal dispersion flow meter with chronometric monitor for fluid leak detection includes a heater, an ambient temperature sensor and a flow rate sensor which are configured to sense the temperature of a fluid in a conduit, and then monitor the flow of that fluid through the conduit. Based upon the ambient temperature sensor readings, the flow rate sensor and heater may be adjusted to optimize the operation of the system to detect leaks. Based on the sensor readings, the flow may be adjusted to prevent damage and leaks by relieving the system of excess pressure. Geographic location, occupancy sensors and occupant identifiers are used to control the system to facilitate operation and minimize leak damage when occupants are away.

A universal water purification system and method that can desalinate salt water or just filter fresh water. Preferably, the system is portable and relatively lightweight and provides for emergency or recreational safe power and water accessibility. The components of the system can be installed on an aluminum frame and preferably include a waterproof front control panel, four pre-filters, a reverse osmosis membrane, ultraviolet (UV) LED lamp, a high pressure reverse osmosis (RO) pump and a low pressure water supplying pump, an electro valve preferably with a manual override in case of power loss, an additional electro valve, a plurality of quick connect couplings (preferably three), a power bank, an internal inverter, a universal power supply and battery charger preferably disposed within a military style suitcase. In a preferred embodiment, the suitcase can be a PELICAN brand case. The system can provide a power bank, universal power supply (12V, 24 V, 90-260V 409-70 HZ), wide range battery charger, and water filtration and desalination unit for both outdoor and indoor applications.

The present disclosure provides a water supply system. The system comprises a central water supply, a plurality of water taps, at least one operation device located at one water tap, a piping system connecting the central water supply and the plurality of water taps, the piping system comprising a separate flow path from the central water supply to each water tap, and a controller for individually controlling a flow of water from the central water supply to the plurality of water taps and individually controlling an outlet temperature of the flow of water at an outlet of the central water supply. The controller is located at the central water supply, and the controller is operable via the operation device at the water tap.