The invention pertains to the use of bacteria selected amongst Alistipes senegalensis, Dorea longicatena and Eubacterium siraeum for inducing immunostimulation in a patient in combination with an anti-cancer immunotherapy with an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) and/or a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI). The invention also relates to methods for assessing the probability that a patient respond to a treatment with an ICI and/or a TKI, based on measuring the relative abundances of immunotolerant bacterial species (Clostridium hathewayi, Clostridium clostridioforme and Clostridium boltae) and/or immunostimulatory bacterial species (Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides salyersiae, Alistipes senegalensis, Dorea longicatena and Eubacterium siraeum) in the patient's gut microbiota.

A method of treating atopic dermatitis (AD) in a subject in need thereof is provided. The method comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least two species of bacteria.

Disclosed herein is an isolated strain of Lactobacillus amylovorus LAM1345, which is deposited at Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen and Zellkulturen GmbH under an accession number DSM 33510. Also disclosed herein are a composition including the isolated strain of Lactobacillus amylovorus LAM1345 for reducing trimethylamine (TMA) and/or trimethylamine-n-oxide (TMAO) levels, and use of the isolated strain of Lactobacillus amylovorus LAM1345 for treating a disease associated with at least an elevated one of TMA and TMAO levels in a subject.

The present invention includes the discovery of a strain of Mycobacterium comprising an expression vector encoding a di-adenylate cyclase enzyme. The Mycobacterium is selected from the group consisting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, or a combination thereof and the preferred strain of Mycobacterium is BCG. The preferred expression vector is a mycobacterial expression vector including an hsp60 promoter and a DNA sequence of diadenylate cyclase (disA), or a functional part thereof. The strains of Mycobacterium are used in therapeutic applications including tuberculosis and cancer.

The present invention includes the discovery of a strain of Mycobacterium comprising an expression vector encoding a di-adenylate cyclase enzyme. The Mycobacterium is selected from the group consisting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, or a combination thereof and the preferred strain of Mycobacterium is BCG. The preferred expression vector is a mycobacterial expression vector including an hsp60 promoter and a DNA sequence of diadenylate cyclase (disA), or a functional part thereof. The strains of Mycobacterium are used in therapeutic applications including tuberculosis and cancer.

The present invention relates to polymeric particles comprising a biodegradable polymer, and at least one microorganism in a total concentration of at least 10.sup.8 CFU/g dry weight that is stable for at least 35 weeks at 30° C. and optionally additional carriers and additives as well as to methods for producing polymeric particles and use thereof.

The present invention relates to polymeric particles comprising a biodegradable polymer, and at least one microorganism in a total concentration of at least 10.sup.8 CFU/g dry weight that is stable for at least 35 weeks at 30° C. and optionally additional carriers and additives as well as to methods for producing polymeric particles and use thereof.

Microbes can be genetically modified to express biomolecules that are beneficial to mammals and/or to reduce, or eliminate, expression of harmful virulence factors. The growth and viability of such genetically modified microbes can optionally be controlled by inducible promoters that regulate the expression of proteins that are essential to their growth and survival. Compositions comprising such genetically modified microbes as well as methods of making and using the same are disclosed herein.

The invention provides compositions comprising bacterial strains for treating and preventing lung injury or lung disease.

A method of reducing the appearance of skin redness is disclosed. The method can include topically applying to reddened skin an effective amount of a composition that includes a water soluble Phoenix dactylifera seed extract, an essential oil from the leaves of tea tree, an aqueous Myrothamnus flabellifolia leaf and stem extract, and a saccharide isomerate comprising an exopolysaccharide of Vibrio alginolyticus, wherein the appearance of skin redness is reduced.