The cushioning preform comprises two layers of foam material, e.g. polyethylene foam, laminated together in a laterally offset relation to one another, with or without a polyethylene film therebetween. Each of the foam layers is of rectangular cross-section has a surface section of greater density than the remaining section thereof. Rolls of the preform may be unrolled into a flattened condition on a substrate, such as a concrete floor, with a stepped edge of each unrolled preform overlaid by an adjacent unrolled preform and adhered thereto by a glue on the stepped edge.

Disclosed herein is a programmable surface object, in accordance with some embodiments. Accordingly, the programmable surface object may include a structure and a plurality of variable compressibility elements. Further, the plurality of variable compressibility elements may be configured for allowing compressing of the structure to one of a plurality of compression levels corresponding to one of a plurality of energy stimuli received by the plurality of variable compressibility elements, wherein the compressing of the structure allows deforming of the programmable surface object to one of a plurality of deforming degrees.

A composite strip structure includes an adhesive strip assembly and a sheet plate. The adhesive strip assembly has a sandwiched composite laminate construction and includes a PU layer, an EVA layer, a PSA layer, and an SBR layer. The PU layer is disposed at a bottom of the strip assembly and has a bottom face abutting a ground or wall. The EVA layer has a bottom face abutting a top face of the PU layer. The SBR layer is arranged between the EVA layer and the PSA layer. The PSA layer is disposed at a top of the strip assembly. The PSA layer has a bottom face abutting a top face of the SBR layer and has a top face abutting the sheet plate.

Provided is a flooring material system capable of exerting a high impact absorption capability at the time of falling while at the time of walking, a stability is high and it is easy to walk. The present invention provides a flooring material system for absorbing impact, the flooring material system being characterized by including foundation materials arranged to be used, each of the foundation materials including a top portion layer and a lower portion layer each having a surface substantially parallel to a ground, and a plurality of leg portions with an impact buffer capability, and a distribution material arranged to distribute force applied to the foundation material.

Provided is a flooring material system capable of exerting a high impact absorption capability at the time of falling while at the time of walking, a stability is high and it is easy to walk. The present invention provides a flooring material system for absorbing impact, the flooring material system being characterized by including foundation materials arranged to be used, each of the foundation materials including a top portion layer and a lower portion layer each having a surface substantially parallel to a ground, and a plurality of leg portions with an impact buffer capability, and a distribution material arranged to distribute force applied to the foundation material.

A load distributing and absorbing system that lies below a barrier layer that is exposed to percussive and/or point-applied forces. The load distributing and absorbing system has one or more load distributing and absorbing tiles. At least some of the tiles have an underlayment infrastructure positioned below a barrier layer. The underlayment infrastructure includes one or more hat-shaped absorbing members. Each has a ceiling primarily for load distribution and a curvilinear wall primarily for load absorption extending from the ceiling. A transition feature is provided to smoothly graduate from one height and type of load distributing and absorbing tile to a load distributing and absorbing tile of another type and height. He system distributes and absorbs forces applied to the barrier layer over a broad area when applied either on a seam between adjacent tiles or within a tile.

An interlocking modular mat having four sides has female connectors on two sides and male connectors on the other two sides so that the modular mat can interlock with an adjacent mat and its connectors. The modular mat is configured with a plurality of structures surrounding a periphery of a top portion of the mat. The plurality of structures in combination with an underside of the top portion of the mat form a cavity. A sponge insert is configured to fit in the cavity and have a height such that a portion of the sponge insert extends from a bottom side the mat body. With the sponge insert extending beyond the bottom side of the mat body, the sponge insert bottom face generally become the supporting bottom of the modular mat to provide a more cushioned feel for a mat user.

An elastic gel includes a solid component and a liquid component. The solid component is a polyurethane polymer matrix. The liquid component is a plasticizer. The liquid component includes one or more vegetable oils or chemical derivatives of vegetable oils or a mixture thereof and is comprised in cells of the polyurethane polymer matrix.

An impact-absorbing assembly includes a covering layer being one or more of artificial turf, rubber mats, polymer mats, short pile carpeting, particulate infill, wood chips, and ground rubber chips. Also included is a layer of underlayment panels positioned beneath the covering layer. The panels have a panel section with a plurality of drain holes formed therethrough. A top surface of the panels is configured to support the covering layer. A bottom surface of the panels has a plurality of bottom projections that cooperate to define bottom channels suitable to permit water flow across the bottom surface, the bottom channels being in fluid communication with the panel drain holes. The bottom projections define a first spring rate characteristic that is part of a first stage and a second spring rate characteristic is part of a second stage, the first stage having a smaller volume of material than the second stage.

A hail resistant roofing system and method includes a roofing substrate such as a shingle or tile or membrane having an array of exposed upwardly projecting features. The features may rise to sharp points and may have side surfaces that are angled relative to the plane of the roofing substrate. The features are spaced and arranged so that a large hail stone capable of damaging the roofing substrate will always impact one or more of the exposed features. This can break up the hail stone into smaller benign pieces or can redirect the energy and direction of the hail stone so that the impact is absorbed without damage to the roofing substrate.