Chimeric poliovirus is capable of activating antigen presenting cells. The activation of the antigen presenting cells may be in vitro, ex vivo, or in vivo. The activated antigen presenting cells may be administered alone or with an antigen or vaccine. The activated antigen may be loaded in vitro or ex vivo with antigen to form antigen-loaded, activated, antigen presenting cells. These may be administered therapeutically. Therapeutic administration of antigen presenting cells may be used as an adjuvant to other therapies.

The invention provides a human cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) agonist epitope from the C-terminal subunit of mucin 1 (MUC1-C), which can be used as a peptide, polypeptide (protein), and/or in vaccine or other composition for the prevention or therapy of cancer. The invention further provides a nucleic acid encoding the peptide, protein, or polypeptide, a vector comprising the nucleic acid, a cell comprising the peptide, polypeptide, nucleic acid, or vector, and compositions thereof.

The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for delivering a vaccine. The compositions and methods disclosed herein are particularly useful in making prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.

The present invention generally relates to compositions and methods for delivering a vaccine. The compositions and methods disclosed herein are particularly useful in making prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines.

A composition for treating type 1 diabetes mellitus autoimmunity can include a therapeutically effective amount of two or more overlapping fragments of preproinsulin and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, wherein at least of the polypeptide fragments is antigenic.

This document provides methods and materials involved in using measles viruses. For example, methods and materials for identifying mammals (e.g., humans) likely to respond to standard measles virus vaccines or standard measles virus-based therapies as well as methods and materials for identifying mammals (e.g., humans) unlikely to respond to standard measles virus vaccines or standard measles virus-based therapies are provided.

Use of the effects of plant exosomes on the immune system as immune system enhancers, silencers and modulators against diseases is disclosed. The plant derived exosomes are obtained from at least one portion of the plant selected from the group consisting of the entire plant, fruit, leaf, seed, root, or differentiated tissues like the plant's tissue culture medium, stem cell, waste material, shell or phloem. In the scope of the invention, the plant exosomes having immunomodulatory effects are used mainly in autoimmune diseases, and in cell, tissue, organ transplantations and in Graft Versus Host disease as immune system enhancers, suppressors or, if necessary, as modulators performing both of the first two functions.

The present invention relates to peptides, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated cytotoxic T cell (CTL) peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses. The present invention relates to 30 peptide sequences and their variants derived from HLA class I and class II molecules of human tumor cells that can be used in vaccine compositions for eliciting anti-tumor immune responses.

The present invention provides a method of producing a vaccine composition for the treatment of cancer comprising a fusion protein of at least two peptide sequences, the method comprising: (a) generating a library of peptide sequences; (b) obtaining at least one antibody that binds to an antigen associated with cancer or a checkpoint antigen; (c) screening the library generated in step (a) with the at least one antibody of step (b) to identify at least two peptide sequences that specifically bind to the at least one antibody; and (d) combining at least two of the peptide sequences identified in step (c) to produce a fusion protein, wherein the fusion protein, when administered to a subject, induces an antibody response directed against the antigen associated with cancer or the checkpoint antigen.

The present disclosure provides recombinantly manufactured fusion proteins comprising a SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (SARS-CoV-2-RBD) fragment or an analog thereof linked to a human Fc fragment for use in relation to the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19). Embodiments include the administration of the fusion proteins to patients that have recovered from COVID-19 as a booster vaccination, to antibody naïve patients to produce antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus to enable the patients to become convalescent plasma donors, to patients who have been infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and have contracted COVID-19 in order to limit the scope of the infection and ameliorate the disease, and as a prophylactic COVID-19 vaccine. Exemplary Fc fusion proteins and pharmaceutical formulations of exemplary Fc fusion proteins are provided, in addition to methods of use and preparation.