A conjugate having the formula TL-L-Hn, wherein TL is a targeting ligand for a target protein on the surface of a virus, a virus-infected cell, a cancer cell, an immune cell, or a fibroblast; L is a linker; H is a hapten; and n is an integer of 2 or greater. Compositions comprising the conjugate and methods of use are also provided.

The present disclosure is directed to isolated recombinant antibodies, or antigen-binding fragments thereof, that bind to fentanyl or fentanyl analogs. The novel antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof can be used to detect, diagnose, treat, and/or prevent opioid use disorder.

A nanoparticle and a preparation method therefor, the nanoparticle including an amphiphilic peptide, which forms a micelle structure through self-assembly, and a target peptide (preferably, a water-soluble antigen peptide), which electrically binds to the surface of the amphiphilic peptide. The target peptide electrically binds to the surface of the amphiphilic peptide micelle structure and becomes particulated, and thus can be effectively presented to an antigen-presenting cell, and the weight ratio of the amphiphilic peptide and the target peptide is controlled so that the size of nanoparticles is controlled and endocytosis thereof is carried out, and thus immunity by means of cytotoxic T cells can be induced. Nanoparticles exhibit use only an epitope of a more accurate region so as to be effective as a vaccine, and thus have minimal side effects. Therefore, excellent antigen-specific antibody and cell immunotherapy effects are exhibited, and thus can be used in various fields such as vaccine production.