The prevent invention provides a tunnel excavation apparatus including: an excavation part configured to excavate a tunnel; a path part installed on a bottom of an excavation surface of the tunnel; an expanded blasting part configured to expand the tunnel; a protective shield part installed to protect the inside of the tunnel between the excavation part and the expanded blasting part; and an expansion part installed on the protective shield part to block a gap between the tunnel and the protective shield part and including an expansion tube provided as a plurality of layers, and the expansion part installed in the protective shield part may be improved in durability to stably block a gap between the tunnel and the protective shield part.

An efficient blasting method for similar cutting in a rock tunnel is provided, which relates to the technical field of rock tunneling. The method includes the following steps: drilling: drilling central holes, lower cutting holes, upper cutting holes, auxiliary holes and peripheral holes in a cross section area for tunnel construction; filling explosives: filling explosives into the central holes, the lower cutting holes, the upper cutting holes, the auxiliary holes and the peripheral holes; and blasting: blasting following blast holes in turn to complete full-face one-time blasting in a millisecond delay blasting mode. The method is applicable for construction scenes of drilling and blasting methods.

Systems for forming or extending a tunnel or shaft within geologic material may include a ram accelerator assembly for accelerating one or more projectiles into geologic material to weaken a region of the geologic material. The projectile(s) pre-condition the geologic material, such as by forming one or more holes in a central region of the material or to define a perimeter of the region to be displaced. A cutting tool or subsequent projectile impacts may then be used to remove the weakened material. The voids formed by the first projectile(s) cause compressive forces from subsequent impacts or cutting operations to be converted to tension forces that more efficiently break geologic material, which may fall into the voids created by the first projectile(s). The voids created by the projectile impacts may also control the material that is removed and the shape of a resulting section of the tunnel or shaft.

In one embodiment, the present disclosure provides a robot automated mining method. In one embodiment, a method includes a robot positioning a charging component for entry into a drill hole. In one embodiment, a method includes a robot moving a charging component within a drill hole. In one embodiment, a method includes a robot filling a drill hole with explosive material. In one embodiment, a method includes operating a robot within a mining environment.

Automatic scanning and representing an environment with collision avoidance includes, for example, obtaining a first representation of the environment using a first scanning path, determining a second scanning path based on the first representation of the environment operable to avoid contact with the environment when obtaining a second representation of the environment, obtaining the second representation of the environment based on the second scanning path, and wherein the second representation of the environment is different from the first representation of the environment. The method may be employed in imaging and/or representing a rock wall having a plurality of spaced-apart holes for receiving charges for mining.

A coal uncovering construction method for blasting large cross-section gas tunnels includes: analyzing stress distribution characteristics in front of a tunnel boring working face, and then determining a thickness calculation model of a reserved rock wall based on a limit equilibrium theory; establishing a tunnel model, simulating a construction condition and analyzing a construction result, and determining a thickness of the reserved rock wall; and fixing a detonator through a fixed sand ring, fitting the detonator with a construction hole by adjusting an adjustable protective plate, then embedding the detonator into a blast hole, and blasting the detonator for tunnel construction. Furthermore, an extension ring is fixed between the fixed sand ring and the adjustable protective plate.

Systems for forming or extending a tunnel or shaft within a working surface may include a ram accelerator assembly for accelerating a projectile into geologic material to weaken a region of the geologic material. A cutting tool may then be used to remove the weakened material. A collection assembly may be used to move debris away from the working surface while the projectile and cutting operations are performed to enable generally continuous use of the system. The number of projectiles that are accelerated and the rate at which projectiles are used may be controlled based on characteristics of the geologic material and the rate at which created debris may be removed.

An arrangement and method of utilizing rock drilling information in a mine whereby drill holes are drilled in a surrounding rock material by a first mining vehicle. During drilling measuring data is produced and is inputted to a monitoring device for analyzing procedures. The monitoring device produces rock condition data of the rock material being drilled. The produced rock condition data is then implemented in a second mining vehicle.

An assembly (7) for triggering an explosive in a hole (9) to produce an explosive blast in the hole includes (a) an explosion trigger (15, 19) for triggering the explosive in the hole, (b) a detonation unit body (21) that is configured to be located at or proximate an open end of the hole in an initial position of the assembly in the hole and (c) a trigger cord (31) that is connected to the detonation unit body and to the explosion trigger.

A wireless detonation system (1) includes a blasting operation device (40), a detonator (10), and a relay device (30). The blasting operation device (40) is disposed at a distance from a blasting face (71) and wirelessly transmits a first downstream signal at a first frequency. The detonator (10) is loaded in a blast hole (72) in the blasting face (71), and has a receiving coil (12) for wirelessly receiving a second downstream signal at a second frequency lower than the first frequency. A relay device (30) includes a first transmitting-receiving antenna (35) that wirelessly receives the first downstream signal, a relay processor (32) that wirelessly receives the first downstream signal and processes it into the second downstream signal to be wirelessly transmitted at the second frequency, and a second transmitting-receiving antenna (37) that transmits the second downstream signal. The second transmitter-receiver antenna (37) is loaded into an insertion hole (74) in the blasting face (71) aligned with the blast hole (72).