An admixture includes a first cementitious component, at least one unprocessed biomass component, calcium carbonate, an adhesive element, slag, amorphous silica, a water reducer, and fibers. The admixture is suitable for mixing with at least water to form a flowable material that cures to produce a hardened article. A method of producing a flowable material includes turning on a mixer and adding an unprocessed biomass component to a drum of the mixer. The unprocessed biomass component is sprayed with an adhesive element to form a first composition. Calcium carbonate is added to the first composition in the mixing chamber, to form a second composition. The second composition is mixed. A cementitious component is added to the mixed second composition in the mixing chamber, to form a third composition, which is mixed with water and calcium chloride to produce the flowable material. The flowable material cures to form the hardened material.

An admixture includes a first cementitious component, at least one unprocessed biomass component, calcium carbonate, an adhesive element, slag, amorphous silica, a water reducer, and fibers. The admixture is suitable for mixing with at least water to form a flowable material that cures to produce a hardened article. A method of producing a flowable material includes turning on a mixer and adding an unprocessed biomass component to a drum of the mixer. The unprocessed biomass component is sprayed with an adhesive element to form a first composition. Calcium carbonate is added to the first composition in the mixing chamber, to form a second composition. The second composition is mixed. A cementitious component is added to the mixed second composition in the mixing chamber, to form a third composition, which is mixed with water and calcium chloride to produce the flowable material. The flowable material cures to form the hardened material.

A monoblock concrete crosstie for railway tracks that achieves a high performance in operation includes a steel structure that is formed from ultra-resistant high strength steel plates embedded in a concrete element and having pre-stressed cold rolled wires with ends that form button head knots which are anchored to the steel plates. The crosstie includes rail seats with a convex channeled formation that is mateable with an extending member of a faceplate wherein the railseat has a width less than the width of the faceplate, and a center of the face plate has a first distance from a center of the concrete element and a center of the rails seat has a second distance from the center of the concrete element, the first distance greater than the second distance.

A monoblock concrete crosstie for railway tracks that achieves a high performance in operation includes a steel structure that is formed from ultra-resistant high strength steel plates embedded in a concrete element and having pre-stressed cold rolled wires with ends that form button head knots which are anchored to the steel plates. The crosstie includes rail seats with a convex channeled formation that is mateable with an extending member of a faceplate wherein the railseat has a width less than the width of the faceplate, and a center of the face plate has a first distance from a center of the concrete element and a center of the rails seat has a second distance from the center of the concrete element, the first distance greater than the second distance.

This method for manufacturing a railway track support comprising a plurality of prefabricated elements (28) comprises the following successive steps: providing, in a production zone (16) for prefabricated elements (28) located near an installation zone (14), a movable insertion machine (52) configured to arrange at least one insert (34) in a fresh concrete block, the production zone being separate from the installation zone; pouring and shaping fresh concrete in order to form individual fresh concrete blocks having predetermined dimensions; arranging at least one insert in each fresh concrete block using the movable insertion machine (52); drying the fresh concrete blocks to obtain the prefabricated elements (28).

A concrete rail tie has an elongated tie body made of a first concrete material. The elongated tie body has an elongated top surface having a shaped profile. A preformed rail seat crown made of a second concrete material is embedded in the elongated tie body and disposed at a rail seat location of the elongated tie body. The preformed rail seat crown has top side flush with and shaped to match the shaped profile of the elongated top surface of the elongated tie body. And the second concrete material has a greater compressive strength and a greater flexural strength than the first concrete material.

A concrete rail tie has an elongated tie body made of a first concrete material. The elongated tie body has an elongated top surface having a shaped profile. A preformed rail seat crown made of a second concrete material is embedded in the elongated tie body and disposed at a rail seat location of the elongated tie body. The preformed rail seat crown has top side flush with and shaped to match the shaped profile of the elongated top surface of the elongated tie body. And the second concrete material has a greater compressive strength and a greater flexural strength than the first concrete material.

The present invention discloses a one-step integrally-formed bamboo sleeper. For the one-step integrally-formed bamboo sleeper, a bamboo unit is used as a raw material, to be dried and modified at the temperature of 110-180 C., and then subject to adhesive dipping, adhesive throwing, solidification, dopamine solution treatment, anti-mildew and/or anti-corrosion and/or anti-insect treatment, and fastening, to obtain the one-step integrally-formed bamboo sleeper with a density of 0.9-1.5 g/cm.sup.3. The present invention further provides a preparation method for the foregoing bamboo sleeper. The bamboo sleeper prepared in the present invention has a suitable elastic modulus, and applicable for ballasted tracks of railways and urban rail transit systems.

The present invention discloses a one-step integrally-formed bamboo sleeper. For the one-step integrally-formed bamboo sleeper, a bamboo unit is used as a raw material, to be dried and modified at the temperature of 110-180 C., and then subject to adhesive dipping, adhesive throwing, solidification, dopamine solution treatment, anti-mildew and/or anti-corrosion and/or anti-insect treatment, and fastening, to obtain the one-step integrally-formed bamboo sleeper with a density of 0.9-1.5 g/cm.sup.3. The present invention further provides a preparation method for the foregoing bamboo sleeper. The bamboo sleeper prepared in the present invention has a suitable elastic modulus, and applicable for ballasted tracks of railways and urban rail transit systems.

The present invention discloses an assembled bamboo sleeper, which is obtained by using a bamboo unit as a raw material, dried and modified at the temperature of 110-180 C., undergone coating treatment using a dopamine solution, adhesive dipping, curing and solidifying, assembling and gluing, further solidifying, further treatment using a dopamine solution, and anti-mildew and/or anti-corrosion and/or anti-insect treatment, and then fastened. The present invention further provides a preparation method for the foregoing bamboo sleeper. The bamboo sleeper prepared in the present invention is green and environmentally friendly, and applicable for ballasted tracks of railways and urban rail transit systems.