The present invention encompasses the discovery that the likelihood of a favorable response to cancer immunotherapy for a wide range of different cancers can be predicted through definition of a tumor mutational load threshold for the tumor (and/or the relevant immunotherapy).

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates generally to therapeutic compositions comprising chitosan-derived compositions used in connection with methods for treating neoplasms, such as for instance, malignant lung, thyroid and kidney neoplasms, and other types of malignant neoplasms, and other medical disorders.

The present invention relates to a novel immunity-inducing agent for treatment and/or prevention of cancer. Specifically, the present invention relates to an immunity-inducing agent comprising, as an active ingredient, at least one polypeptide having immunity-inducing activity and selected from polypeptides derived from MRAP2 and modified forms thereof, or a recombinant vector comprising a polynucleotide encoding the polypeptide and capable of expressing the polypeptide in vivo, and a method for inducing immunity, comprising administering the immunity-inducing agent to a subject.

The present invention relates to T cell receptors (TCRs) that bind the HLA-A*02 restricted peptide SLLQHLIGL (SEQ ID NO: 1) derived from the germline cancer antigen PRAME. Said TCRs may comprise non-natural mutations within the alpha and/or beta variable domains relative to a native PRAME TCR. The TCRs of the invention are particularly suitable for use as novel immunotherapeutic reagents for the treatment of malignant disease.

A method of producing a vaccine for a cancer and/or tumor and stage of interest is disclosed. The method includes identifying a first population of peptides that are immunoreactive with a set of biological samples obtained from a set of test subjects that have been identified as having the cancer and/or tumor of interest, and preparing a cancer vaccine composition for the cancer of interest, wherein the cancer vaccine composition comprises a second population of peptides comprising one or more peptides in the first population or a nucleic acid sequence encoding the one or more peptides, thereby producing the vaccine for the cancer and/or tumor of interest. Also disclosed are vaccine compositions and methods of use thereof.

Provided are a polypeptide and nucleic acid for encoding the polypeptide, a nucleic-acid construct, an expression vector, and a host cell containing the nucleic acid, an antigen-presenting cell presenting the polypeptide on the surface of the cell, and immune effector cell thereof, a pharmaceutical composition containing the polypeptide, a vaccine containing the nucleic acid, the nucleic acid construct, the expression vector, the host cell, the antigen-presenting cell, and the immune effector cell, and an antibody recognizing the polypeptide. Also provided is a therapeutic method using the polypeptide, the nucleic acid, the pharmaceutical composition, the vaccine, and the antibody. Also provided are a diagnosis method and diagnosis apparatus for detecting the described polypeptide. Also provided is an application of the polypeptide in preparing a vaccine, a tumor diagnosis kit, or a pharmaceutical composition, and an application of the polypeptide or the nucleic acid as a test target in tumor diagnosis.

The present disclosure provides compositions and methods of eliciting an anti-tumor immune response and treating cancer comprising at least one peptide of KRAS.

The present invention relates generally to therapeutic compositions comprising chitosan-derived compositions used in connection with methods for treating neoplasms, such as for instance, malignant lung, thyroid and kidney neoplasms, and other types of malignant neoplasms, and other medical disorders.

Described herein is an immunogenic composition comprising nucleic acid sequences encoding two or more amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 19 to 50. Also described herein is an immunogenic composition comprising nucleic acid sequences encoding two or more amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 141 to 272. Also described herein is an immunogenic composition comprising nucleic acid sequences encoding two or more amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 273 to 322. Also described herein is an immunogenic composition comprising nucleic acid sequences encoding two or more amino acid sequences selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 354 to 458.