A method of removing debris from an area of turf grass can include providing a grass treatment system including a comb having a leading edge comprising a plurality of comb teeth, wherein the comb is mounted transversely to a direction of travel, and a substantially cylindrical brush positioned above the comb and configured to engage at least a portion of a top surface of the comb, wherein the brush rotates relative to the comb. The method can include positioning the grass treatment system closely adjacent to the turf grass such that the comb engages debris on and around the turf grass surface, and moving the grass treatment so that (i) the comb engages the debris, (ii) the rotating brush removes at least a portion of the debris from the surface of the comb, and (iii) the rotating brush does not come into contact with the turf grass.

A probe assembly for measuring a synthetic turf infill profile having a probe, a turf surface contact assembly and a sensor. The probe is configured to extend down through the turf infill profile until a tip of the probe contacts a lower boundary of the turf infill profile. The surface contact assembly is vertically movable relative to the probe while the probe is being moved downwardly into the turf infill profile, wherein the surface contact assembly has a contact area with the turf surface that is large enough to retain the surface contact assembly resting atop an upper boundary of the turf infill profile when the lowermost tip of the at least one probe has contacted the lower boundary of the turf infill profile. The sensor reads the distance between the upper and lower boundaries of the turf infill profile at a sampled location in the turf surface.

An apparatus to grade a surface is provided. The apparatus includes an elongated member with a straight edge to grade a surface. In addition, the apparatus includes a height gauge to attach to an end of the elongated member. The height gauge is to engage a border of the surface. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a connector to connect the height gauge to the elongated member. The apparatus also includes a first surface on the height gauge. The first surface is to engage a side wall of the border to grade the surface proximate to the side wall. The apparatus further includes a second surface on the height gauge offset from the straight edge by a distance. The second surface is to engage a top surface of the border such that the straight edge is to grade the surface at the distance below the top of the border.

A ground surface treatment vehicle and systems and methods using the same. In some embodiments, the vehicle may be adapted to autonomously or semi-autonomously identify and optionally treat target areas such as divots on turf surfaces. The vehicle may identify the target area via onboard or remote sensors and autonomously treat the target area by providing a treating material such as infill, seed, particulate matter, and liquids.

An apparatus to grade a surface is provided. The apparatus includes an elongated member with a straight edge to grade a surface. In addition, the apparatus includes a height gauge to attach to an end of the elongated member. The height gauge is to engage a border of the surface. Furthermore, the apparatus includes a connector to connect the height gauge to the elongated member. The apparatus also includes a first surface on the height gauge. The first surface is to engage a side wall of the border to grade the surface proximate to the side wall. The apparatus further includes a second surface on the height gauge offset from the straight edge by a distance. The second surface is to engage a top surface of the border such that the straight edge is to grade the surface at the distance below the top of the border.

An improved scraping edge for use on a plow blade employing at least one resilient scraping edge section for contact with a surface to be plowed and mounting holes to attach the scraping edge section to the plow blade.

An improved scraping edge for use on a plow blade employing at least one resilient scraping edge section for contact with a surface to be plowed and mounting holes to attach the scraping edge section to the plow blade.

A roller assembly for smoothing an expanse of granular media such as golf bunker sand, snow, horse race track dirt, or other media. The assembly has one or more rollers having a longitudinal axis. Each roller includes wires spaced from the axis to define a roller surface. Each wire is resiliently flexible to distort inwardly in response to force of contact on, and to recover during release of force from, the granular media as the roller rotates about the axis on the granular media. A shaft extends along the axis of the roller assembly between the arms of a yoke with a handle extending therefrom. As the roller surface traverses the media, at least some of the media is flung outwardly of the roller, smoothing the expanse. The roller assembly may be manually operated or may be towed behind a towing apparatus.

A hitch mechanism adapted to be attached to a vehicle and support a device includes a hitch receiver adapted to attach to the vehicle and a pair of pull arms. A first end of each pull arm is attached to the hitch receiver and a second end of each pull arm is configured to attach to the device. Each pull arm has an adjustable length and being pivotal horizontally and vertically. The hitch assembly allows a device such as a material spreader to be attached to a vehicle so that the device can be operated in its intended way.

A hitch mechanism adapted to be attached to a vehicle and support a device includes a hitch receiver adapted to attach to the vehicle and a pair of pull arms. A first end of each pull arm is attached to the hitch receiver and a second end of each pull arm is configured to attach to the device. Each pull arm has an adjustable length and being pivotal horizontally and vertically. The hitch assembly allows a device such as a material spreader to be attached to a vehicle so that the device can be operated in its intended way.