The present invention relates to a method of preparing a live attenuated vaccine by irradiation and a live attenuated vaccine composition prepared by the same, and more particularly, a method of preparing a live attenuated vaccine by irradiation including irradiating a pathogenic microorganism with a dose of 0.5 to 2 kGy of radiation per single radiation six to fifteen times; and a live attenuated vaccine composition including a pathogenic microorganism attenuated to not be revertant to a wild type by generation of at least one mutation of nucleotide insertion and nucleotide deletion by irradiation.

The present technology generally relates to a chlorhexidine system comprising chlorhexidine or a salt thereof and metallic particles (such as silver and/or gold) wherein the chlorhexidine is conjugated to the surface of the metallic particles. Also described are methods for obtaining the system such as by gamma irradiation as well as the use of the system as an antimicrobial agent. Compositions comprising the chlorhexidine system and an additional component such as an alcohol or benzalkonium chloride and the use of these compositions as antimicrobials are also described.

The present technology generally relates to a chlorhexidine system comprising chlorhexidine or a salt thereof and metallic particles (such as silver and/or gold) wherein the chlorhexidine is conjugated to the surface of the metallic particles. Also described are methods for obtaining the system such as by gamma irradiation as well as the use of the system as an antimicrobial agent. Compositions comprising the chlorhexidine system and an additional component such as an alcohol or benzalkonium chloride and the use of these compositions as antimicrobials are also described.

Autologous anti-cancer vaccines and methods of manufacture and treatment are provided, including expansion of individual patient-derived tumor cells in an immune-compromised animal(s) to attain, quantitatively and qualitatively, sufficient material for efficacious vaccine production and utilization, to elicit an immune response against micrometastases and/or recurrence in the individual patient following tumor excision.

Autologous anti-cancer vaccines and methods of manufacture and treatment are provided, including expansion of individual patient-derived tumor cells in an immune-compromised animal(s) to attain, quantitatively and qualitatively, sufficient material for efficacious vaccine production and utilization, to elicit an immune response against micrometastases and/or recurrence in the individual patient following tumor excision.

Kava and kratom compositions are described herein along with the methods of producing the same. The description contained herein describes methods for making a purified kava composition that is free or substantially free of flavokavain A and flavokavain B. In some embodiments, the kava composition is formulated as a ready-to-drink beverage. Certain compositions comprise a combination of a kava composition and a kratom composition made in accordance with the methods described herein.

Kava and kratom compositions are described herein along with the methods of producing the same. The description contained herein describes methods for making a purified kava composition that is free or substantially free of flavokavain A and flavokavain B. In some embodiments, the kava composition is formulated as a ready-to-drink beverage. Certain compositions comprise a combination of a kava composition and a kratom composition made in accordance with the methods described herein.

The present invention relates to a process for the irradiation of a water-insoluble conjugate comprising a polymer Z to which a plurality of moieties -L.sup.2-L.sup.1-D is covalently conjugated or of a water-insoluble complex comprising a plurality of releasably and non-covalently bound drug molecules D-H or D-OH embedded in a polymer Z′, wherein the process comprises the steps of (a) providing said conjugate or complex; and (b) exposing the conjugate or complex to ionizing radiation; wherein each -L.sup.2- is independently a chemical bond or is a spacer moiety; each -L.sup.1- is independently a linker moiety covalently and reversibly attached to -D; and each -D is independently a drug moiety.

The present invention relates to a process for the irradiation of a water-insoluble conjugate comprising a polymer Z to which a plurality of moieties -L.sup.2-L.sup.1-D is covalently conjugated or of a water-insoluble complex comprising a plurality of releasably and non-covalently bound drug molecules D-H or D-OH embedded in a polymer Z′, wherein the process comprises the steps of (a) providing said conjugate or complex; and (b) exposing the conjugate or complex to ionizing radiation; wherein each -L.sup.2- is independently a chemical bond or is a spacer moiety; each -L.sup.1- is independently a linker moiety covalently and reversibly attached to -D; and each -D is independently a drug moiety.

The present invention relates to a method for sterilizing a bone graft material, and more specifically, to a method for sterilizing a bone graft material containing sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) gel without changing its properties.