The invention provides compositions and methods that comprise encapsulated silver diamine fluoride or other antimicrobial materials for use in treatment of dental caries, for example.

The invention provides compositions and methods that comprise encapsulated silver diamine fluoride or other antimicrobial materials for use in treatment of dental caries, for example.

A percutaneous absorption preparation for the treatment of dementia wherein the drug-containing layer contains donepezil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient and a stabilizer that is either (i) a mixture of a thiocyanate salt and a compound selected from the group consisting of tea catechin, (+)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, ascorbic acid, and isoascorbic acid, or (ii) a mixture of monothioglycerol and a compound selected from the group consisting of tea catechin, (+)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and ascorbic acid is disclosed. The percutaneous absorption preparation meets the criteria of Procedure 1 and Procedure 2 of the U.S. Pharmacopoeia in short-term stress test (70° C. 48 hours storage), long-term accelerated test 1 (40° C. relative humidity 75% 1 month storage), and long-term accelerated test 2 (40° C. relative humidity 75% 3 months storage), and exhibits improved stability for long-term preservation.

A percutaneous absorption preparation for the treatment of dementia wherein the drug-containing layer contains donepezil or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient and a stabilizer that is either (i) a mixture of a thiocyanate salt and a compound selected from the group consisting of tea catechin, (+)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, ascorbic acid, and isoascorbic acid, or (ii) a mixture of monothioglycerol and a compound selected from the group consisting of tea catechin, (+)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate, and ascorbic acid is disclosed. The percutaneous absorption preparation meets the criteria of Procedure 1 and Procedure 2 of the U.S. Pharmacopoeia in short-term stress test (70° C. 48 hours storage), long-term accelerated test 1 (40° C. relative humidity 75% 1 month storage), and long-term accelerated test 2 (40° C. relative humidity 75% 3 months storage), and exhibits improved stability for long-term preservation.

This document relates to materials and methods for treating infections (e.g., ear infections and/or skin infections). For example, methods and materials for using a probiotic fermentation product to treat a veterinary animal (e.g., non-human mammal) having an infection and/or a complication associated with an infection (e.g., hearing loss caused by an ear infection) are provided.

A composition for and methods of preserving a topical cosmetic, toiletry or pharmaceutical formulation against microbiological contamination or growth are described in which the compositions used herein include at least one hydroxamic acid, salt or complex thereof, and the methods include addition of an effective amount of such compounds to a cosmetic, toiletry or pharmaceutical formulation. Compositions further including alkanediols and/or solubilizing agents in blends with hydroxamic acid are also described.

A composition for and methods of preserving a topical cosmetic, toiletry or pharmaceutical formulation against microbiological contamination or growth are described in which the compositions used herein include at least one hydroxamic acid, salt or complex thereof, and the methods include addition of an effective amount of such compounds to a cosmetic, toiletry or pharmaceutical formulation. Compositions further including alkanediols and/or solubilizing agents in blends with hydroxamic acid are also described.

The present invention generally relates to the transdermal delivery of various compounds. In some aspects, transdermal delivery may be facilitated by the use of a hostile biophysical environment. One set of embodiments provides a composition for topical delivery comprising a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor and/or a salt thereof, and optionally, a hostile biophysical environment and/or a nitric oxide donor. In some cases, the composition may be stabilized using a combination of a stabilization polymer (such as xanthan gum, KELTROL® BT and/or KELTROL® RD), propylene glycol, and a polysorbate surfactant such as Polysorbate 20, which combination unexpectedly provides temperature stability to the composition, e.g., at elevated temperatures such as at least 40° C. (at least about 104° F.), as compared to compositions lacking one or more of these.

The present invention generally relates to the transdermal delivery of various compounds. In some aspects, transdermal delivery may be facilitated by the use of a hostile biophysical environment. One set of embodiments provides a composition for topical delivery comprising a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor and/or a salt thereof, and optionally, a hostile biophysical environment and/or a nitric oxide donor. In some cases, the composition may be stabilized using a combination of a stabilization polymer (such as xanthan gum, KELTROL® BT and/or KELTROL® RD), propylene glycol, and a polysorbate surfactant such as Polysorbate 20, which combination unexpectedly provides temperature stability to the composition, e.g., at elevated temperatures such as at least 40° C. (at least about 104° F.), as compared to compositions lacking one or more of these.

The present invention provides a cationic lipid, which allow nucleic acids to be easily introduced into cells, represented by formula (I) (wherein: R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are, the same or different, alkenyl, etc, and X.sup.1 and X.sup.3 are hydrogen atoms, or are combined together to form a single bond or alkylene, and X.sup.3 is absent or is alkyl, etc, Y is absent or anion, a and b are, the same or different, 0 to 3, and L.sup.3 is a single bond, etc, R.sup.3 is alkyl, etc, L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are —O—, —CO—O— or —O—CO—), a composition comprising the cationic lipid and a nucleic acid, and a method for introducing a nucleic acid into a cell by using the composition comprising the cationic lipid and the nucleic acid, and the like. ##STR00001##