A flexible mat forming system may include an elongate, rotatable drum having a plurality of transverse rows of mold cavities about an outer periphery thereof, an elongate hopper positioned adjacent the drum, the hopper shaped to receive a hardenable paste and deposit the hardenable paste along a facing row of the plurality of transverse rows of mold cavities, a spool assembly for feeding a sheet of mesh material between the hopper and the facing row, and a retaining plate extending partially about the outer periphery of the drum and positioned on a downstream side of the elongate hopper, the retaining plate spaced sufficiently close to the outer periphery to retain the mesh material against the outer periphery of the drum and the hardenable paste within the mold cavities adjacent the retaining plate.

Disclosed are exemplary embodiments of turf reinforcement mats that include spun yarns and/or multifilament yarns in either or both of the warp and weft directions.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to adapting a planar structure section to be retained against a cavity wall, stacking a first layer of the planar structure section and a second layer of a granular substance against the cavity wall, and constructing a barrier based on securing the stacked layers against the cavity wall with a barrier edge formed based on applying a coating of a viscoelastic substance and a coating of a loose-fill material to the stacked layers. In an illustrative example, the cavity wall may be a golf course bunker wall. The planar structure section may be, for example, carpet. In some embodiments, the granular substance may be sand. In various designs, the viscoelastic substance may be a prepolymer, and the loose-fill material may be peat moss. Various examples may advantageously provide more durable golf course bunker edges having improved playability at reduced maintenance effort and lower cost.

A hexagonal wire netting (7), a process for manufacturing such a wire netting and a device for manufacturing a hexagonal wire netting (7), the device comprising an assembly of tubes (5) for leading the wires (I) of which every other is twisted into a spiral shape, a spindle (6) assembly and a drum (8) receiving the wire netting (7), the drum (8) being provided with detent elements (21). Between each tube (5) leading the spirally twisted wire (I) and the cooperating spindle (6) a straightening guide (IO, IO′) is located having an inlet opening (13, 15) cooperating with the tube (5) and an outlet opening (12, 20) cooperating with the spindle (6). The detent elements (21 are arranged on the drum (8) in such a way that the produced wire netting (7) has meshes in which the proportion of the width (A) to the length (B) is less than 0.75.

A securing device (10) for securing an article is disclosed. The securing device comprises a main shaft portion (14) and a securing portion (20) on the main shaft portion. The securing portion is a substantially helical elongate portion defining a central space (20A). Holding devices (312, 340), drive transmission devices (102, 202) and indicating devices (332) can be used with the securing device.

A geogrid and a manufacturing method thereof. The geogrid comprises multiple ribs, and the multiple ribs are connected to each other at multiple junctions to form multiple cells. At each junction, two or more adjacent ribs of the multiple ribs are inserted into each other via inserts, and each junction is covered by a plastic material. The geogrid can easily be extended to a present state at a construction site, prevent tearing of apertures, prevent soil from leaking from the apertures, and prevent the inserts from rusting or corroding. Since the plastic material, the ribs, and the inserts are bonded to each other, separation strength at the junction is markedly increased. Preferably, an end portion of the insert is completely covered by the plastic material to form an end cap, and the plastic material and the ribs and the inserts are bonded to each other to form columns.

A monolayer multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings therein. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of said outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands that extend continuously throughout the entirety of the geogrid and form additional triangular openings. The geogrid thus includes three different repeating geometric shapes. The inner hexagons preferably also can move up and down, out of the plane of the geogrid. The multi-axial integral geogrid thus provides a geometry that can better engage with, confine and stabilize a greater variety and quality of aggregates.

An integral geogrid includes a plurality of interconnected, oriented strands having an array of openings therein that is produced from a coextruded multilayer polymer sheet starting material. By virtue of the construction, the coextruded multilayer sheet components provide a crystalline synergistic effect during extrusion and orientation of the integral geogrid, resulting in enhanced material properties that provide performance benefits to use of the integral geogrid in soil geosynthetic reinforcement.

A manufactured composite comprising synthetic turf and impermeable geomembrane is used in a single-layer capping system as the single layer to provide permanent, impermeable and functional aesthetic cover for a job site. During installation of composite pieces at a job site, an edge portion of a tufted section of a second composite piece is overlaid onto an edge untufted section of the first composite piece already laid and anchored over foundation soil to form a reinforced overlapping seam, through which the two composite pieces are physically and permanently joined together. As composite pieces are joined together, the continuity of synthetic grass and the continuity of impermeability are extended and realized over the entire site to form permanent, impermeable and functional aesthetic cover for a job site.

A bio-friendly water flow control system can include a portable structure adapted to contain organic waste material. The water flow control system can be configured for deployment outdoors to guide water flow to limit erosion. A portable structure of such a system can include a sheath that is configured to contain waste material within an interior of the sheath. The portable structure may be configured to allow a flow of water into the interior of the sheath. The portable structure may include a waste material that includes processed palm frond particles. The portable structure may be configured to absorb a weight of water at least 50% greater than a dry weight of the portable structure.