A free-standing bracing tie is used for reinforcing a mattress type structure constructed with a metal mesh and intended for civil protection works. The bracing tie includes a main structure having a lower portion for connection to a base sheet of mesh of the mattress type structure and an upper portion for connection to a covering sheet of mesh of the mattress type structure. The lower portion and the upper portion are connected to each other by one or more bracing tie branches located in a main plane of the main structure. At least one support member is connected to the main structure so as to extend out of the main plane to produce a three-dimensional bracing tie structure capable of standing alone. The bracing tie can be closed for storage and transport and can be opened at the location for positioning the mattress type structure.

A protective device, in particular an erosion protection device and/or a drainage device configured as a geotextile, includes a mat element, which is at least intended to be spread flat over a surface to be protected and which is formed at least to a large extent from a three-dimensional, nonwoven-like, and tangled nonwoven-like, composite with a multiplicity of fibres.

A geosynthetic sensor that incorporates an arrangement of a first layer of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic and a second layer of lengths of electrically conductive geosynthetic where each said length undergoes a change in electrical resistance or capacitance when subject to changes in any one or more of: pressure; strain; water content; or temperature.

A monolayer multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings therein. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of said outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands that extend continuously throughout the entirety of the geogrid and form additional triangular openings. The geogrid thus includes three different repeating geometric shapes. The inner hexagons preferably also can move up and down, out of the plane of the geogrid. The multi-axial integral geogrid thus provides a geometry that can better engage with, confine and stabilize a greater variety and quality of aggregates.

A method of making a multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes providing a polymer sheet, providing a patterned plurality of holes or depressions in the polymer sheet, and biaxially orienting the polymer sheet having the patterned plurality of holes or depressions therein to provide a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of the outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands, thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands extending continuously throughout the geogrid and forming triangular openings. The method provides a geogrid having a geometry configured to engage with, confine, and stabilize a large variety and quality of aggregates.

Aspects of a geogrid system for improving substrate interactions within a geotechnical environment is disclosed. In one aspect a geotechnical environment is configured with a horizontal multilayer mechanically stabilizing geogrid. In said aspect the geogrid is extruded with a polymeric material and a compressible cellular layer. In said aspect, the horizontal multilayer mechanically stabilizing geogrid is comprised of either a cap or a core of polymeric material or is further comprised of at least one compressible cellular layer configured to the polymeric material. Further, the horizontal multilayer mechanically stabilizing geogrid is configured with a triangle or triaxial geometry with patterned discontinuities and a plurality of strong axes.

The present invention relates to an erosion control apparatus and methods of using and installing the apparatus. The apparatus is constructed to prevent erosion of soil during typical weather conditions and adverse weather events. The apparatus can include a plurality of anchored rolls and soil lifts operative to stabilize the shoreline.

An erosion control roll comprises a porous outer casing having an interior, a fill material within the interior, wherein the fill material comprises a mineral wool. The erosion control roll is flexible and positionable where it can provide one or more of erosion control, sediment separation, water flow diversion, and a fire barrier.

A combined type flexible glass net system used for protection against full-particle falling rocks on plank roads in scenic spots includes a supporting layer, an intercepting throwing layer and a flexible glass net isolating layer, wherein the supporting layer is longitudinally arranged above a protective area along a mountain, and includes a supporting steel frame and an oscillating type supporting rod; the intercepting throwing layer is supported on the supporting layer, and includes metal meshes, an along-cross-slope upper connecting rope, an along-cross-slope lower connecting rope, an along-slope connecting rope and a reinforcing rope; and the flexible glass net isolating layer includes glass plates, glass net supporting cables and a hoop type hinged piece, wherein the glass plates are connected to the glass net supporting cables through the hoop type hinged piece, and the glass net supporting cables are hung below the supporting steel frame.

A monolayer multi-axial integral geogrid suitable for stabilizing aggregate includes a plurality of interconnected oriented strands and partially oriented junctions forming a repeating pattern of outer hexagons having an array of openings therein. Oriented ribs extending inwardly from each of said outer hexagons support and surround a smaller inner hexagon having oriented strands thus forming a plurality of trapezoidal openings and a single hexagonal opening. The oriented strands and partially oriented junctions of the outer hexagons form a plurality of linear strong axis strands that extend continuously throughout the entirety of the geogrid and form additional triangular openings. The geogrid thus includes three different repeating geometric shapes. The inner hexagons preferably also can move up and down, out of the plane of the geogrid. The multi-axial integral geogrid thus provides a geometry configured to engage with, confine and stabilize a large variety and quality of aggregates.