An offshore semi-submersible platform includes: at least three stabilizing columns; a truss structure securing the at least three stabilizing columns to one another; for at least one of the stabilizing columns, a substantially horizontal perforated plate and a fastening arranged for fastening the substantially horizontal perforated plate to the stabilizing column at least in a working position below a bottom surface of the stabilizing column, creating a wave load attenuation chamber being defined between the substantially horizontal perforated plate in the working position and the bottom surface of the stabilizing column.

Embodiments described herein relate to construction of subsurface structural elements that are configured to redirect soil forces. For instance, a form may be used to construct a subsurface structural element such that the subsurface structural element redirects soil forces to vertically displace a foundation rather than have the soil forces crack or otherwise damage the foundation.

A plate for cribbing stacks having a top surface and a bottom surface, first, second, third, and fourth side surfaces connecting the top and bottom surfaces; a first level attached to the first side surface; and a second level attached to the second side surface, the first and second side surfaces being in a non-parallel relationship; and wherein the top and bottom surfaces and the first, second, third, and fourth side surfaces are arranged so that the first and second levels indicate when the plate is horizontal.

A foundation system for supporting a structure thereon comprising: a plurality of blocks, each block having at least three sides; at least two recesses formed in the at least three sides of each block; a plurality of connecting plates having a first end configured to be secured within a recess of a first block and a second end configured to be secured within a recess of an adjacent block such that the connecting plate extends between recesses of adjacent blocks to secure adjacent blocks together to form a foundation grid of said blocks; and enclosure panels mountable to said blocks along an edge thereof so as to form an enclosure about a perimeter of the foundation grid.

Disclosed herein is a foundation pile. The foundation pile comprises a first flange. The foundation pile also comprises a second flange spaced apart from the first flange. The foundation pile further comprises a web extending between the first flange and the second flange, wherein the first flange, the second flange, and the web are formed from a single sheet and each comprises at least two layers of the sheet. The foundation pile additionally comprises a rib formed in at least one of the first flange, the second flange, and the web, wherein the rib comprises a bent portion of at least one of the at least two layers of the sheet.

Foundation system for towers, especially for onshore wind turbines, comprising a central shaft buried or partially buried, preferably hollow and formed by dowels made from precast concrete, an essentially flat lower slab and completely buried, and lateral support means in the form of inclined struts that are joined at their upper end with the central shaft and at its lower end with the lower slab, and that are preferably entirely buried. The wind tower is located on the partly buried main shaft. The foundation system may comprise other lower elements connected with the lower slab, such as radial ribs or peripheral beams. The struts are preferably prefabricated elements incorporating an efficient and economical connection system by pre-stressing. The foundation system maximizes the fraction of the weight of the foundation by gravity generated by soil or ballast material, allowing an important economy in the structural materials of the foundation.

Embodiments described herein relate to construction of subsurface structural elements that are configured to redirect soil forces. For instance, a form may be used to construct a subsurface structural element such that the subsurface structural element redirects soil forces to vertically displace a foundation rather than have the soil forces crack or otherwise damage the foundation.

Embodiments described herein relate to construction of subsurface structural elements that are configured to redirect soil forces. For instance, a form may be used to construct a subsurface structural element such that the subsurface structural element redirects soil forces to vertically displace a foundation rather than have the soil forces crack or otherwise damage the foundation.

Embodiments described herein relate to construction of subsurface structural elements that are configured to redirect soil forces. For instance, a form may be used to construct a subsurface structural element such that the subsurface structural element redirects soil forces to vertically displace a foundation rather than have the soil forces crack or otherwise damage the foundation.

The present invention is an arch/building support system comprising two (or more) opposing wedges, at least one located at the base of each side of the arch, with the bases of the opposing wedges facing each other, the opposing wedges connected to each other by a semi-rigid flexible rod or rods. In a building structure, the flexible member could be rebar(s) made of one or various materials (metal, plastic, nylon etc.) with various degree of elasticity. The rebars could envelop the structure (around the outside or shell) or reside within it, and may also incorporate some sort of spring mechanism. The rebar(s) are anchored to the upper wedge on each side of the arch, but need not be, and could instead be anchored to the ground.