A spacer structure (204; 205) for a saw disc assembly of a sawing machine (4), comprises a hub device (220) having a central axis and being adapted to be coaxially arranged between a pair of axially peripheral saw discs. According to the invention, said hub device (220) is configured and adapted to detachably or non-detachably receive a proximal portion (231) of an elongated spacer means (230) in a substantially radial manner in relation to said hub device, said elongated spacer means (230) being adapted to be arranged between said pair of saw discs, a distal portion (235) of said elongated spacer means (230) being constituted and adapted to detachably or non-detachably connect to said pair of peripheral saw discs.

There is disclosed an excavation apparatus (5), such as an underwater excavation apparatus, having means for producing, in use, at least one vortex, spiral or turbulent flow in a laminar flow of fluid, e.g. water. The excavation apparatus (5) comprises a rotor (10) having a rotor rotation axis (A), wherein, in use, flow of fluid past or across the rotor (10) is at a first angle (α) from the axis of rotation (A). The excavation apparatus (5) comprises the rotor (5) and means or an arrangement for dampening reactive torque on the apparatus (5) caused by rotation of the rotor (10), in use. The turbulent flow is provided within, such as within a (transverse) cross-section, of the laminar flow.

A ground level primary electrical distribution system deploys terrain mounted or essentially terrain flush pipes that protect suppress ignition from fires that may occur if components fail within the pipes. The pipes can be deployed in remote and rugged terrain where overhead power lines poses fire risks from wind damage and it is impractical and disruptive to bury the electricity conducting cable or deployed along roadways or field at ground level or essentially flush with the ground to avoid excavation yet avoid the use of overhead power lines that can be subject to damage from high wind. The pipes can follow the terrain between junctions over rigid segments formed by a plurality of end-to-end coupled enclosures, while the conductors are protected within jacketing or flow through flexible insulating and isolating conduits within the more rigid pipes.

A vehicle is provided for installing in a prepared area along a ground surface a protective structural support proximate a buried pipeline in an automated manner. The vehicle includes a chassis with a plurality of wheels and a payload release mechanism coupled to the chassis and including a roller for holding the protective structural support. The payload release mechanism is configured to dispense and lay down the protective structural support in the prepared area. The vehicle includes a liquid dispensing mechanism that is coupled to the chassis and is located downstream of the payload release mechanism. The liquid dispensing mechanism includes a liquid source and a dispenser that is in fluid communication with the liquid source and is configured to dispense liquid across a spray area.

A vehicle is provided for installing in a prepared area along a ground surface a protective structural support proximate a buried pipeline in an automated manner. The vehicle includes a chassis with a plurality of wheels and a payload release mechanism coupled to the chassis and including a roller for holding the protective structural support. The payload release mechanism is configured to dispense and lay down the protective structural support in the prepared area. The vehicle includes a liquid dispensing mechanism that is coupled to the chassis and is located downstream of the payload release mechanism. The liquid dispensing mechanism includes a liquid source and a dispenser that is in fluid communication with the liquid source and is configured to dispense liquid across a spray area.

A terminal attachment for use with an excavator jointed arm. The terminal attachment supports a sod roll on a shaft connected to the end of an excavator jointed arm. Embodiments allow the sod roll to be unrolled by moving the jointed arm or by moving the excavator. The terminal attachment allows sod rolls to be unrolled on an incline.

There is disclosed an excavation apparatus (5), such as an underwater excavation apparatus, having means for producing, in use, at least one vortex, spiral or turbulent flow in a laminar flow of fluid, e.g. water. The excavation apparatus (5) comprises a rotor (10) having a rotor rotation axis (A), wherein, in use, flow of fluid past or across the rotor (10) is at a first angle (a) from the axis of rotation (A). The excavation apparatus (5) comprises the rotor (5) and means or an arrangement for dampening reactive torque on the apparatus (5) caused by rotation of the rotor (10), in use. The turbulent flow is provided within, such as within a (transverse) cross-section, of the laminar flow.

Systems and methods include a wing tool configured to be operable from work vessel(s), the wing tool including thrusters capable of fluidizing sediments from a first seabed location and moving it to a second seabed location, the second seabed location including a trench or differently shaped collection sump previously made by the wing tool and/or an extraction pump. The extraction pump operates from a second work vessel having sufficient capacity to pump fluidized sediments from the trench. Certain systems include a separation unit that separates sand from silts and clays and water from collected sediment. Systems and methods for reclamation of reservoirs, moving sand waves, for pre-trenching and/or recovering marine pipelines and cables, for removing cover from marine archaeological sites and for disposing of contaminated bottom materials in an environmentally acceptable manner.

A liquid level control system, which may be used with a clarifier in a sewage treatment plant, manages liquid level of an upstream basin by controlling liquid flow in or out of a system that may use a midstream device to equally distribute flow in or out of the basin. This headloss inducing device creates a non-linear relationship between upstream liquid level to be controlled and the lesser downstream liquid level behind the gate or valve. Without the use of electrical controls, the systems of the invention include a gate or valve with counterforces that manage the outflow stream of liquid while accounting for the non-linear head loss created by the midstream device, thus reaching a desired liquid level range for all system flowrates.

An apparatus for installing multiple strands of hose below a surface of terrain is provided. The apparatus comprises a chassis and rotating trenching blade assemblies connected to the chassis. The trenching blade assemblies are configured to dig parallel trenches when the apparatus is pulled along the terrain. Curved hose guides are connected to the chassis in trailing positions behind the trenching blades. Each hose guide receives hose from a hose reel on reel mounts connected to the chassis and deposits the hose into a trench dug by a trenching blade assembly. Trench fillers connected to the chassis trail the hose guides. Each trench filler is aligned with a respective hose guide and comprises a number of blades configured to push soil excavated from a trench back into the trench when the apparatus is pulled along the terrain.