A structure-lining apparatus comprising a plurality of transversely and longitudinally extending panels connectable to a structure and connectable edge-to-edge via complementary connector components on their longitudinally extending edges. Each panel comprises transversely extending edges generally orthogonal to their longitudinally extending edges. Each panel comprises first and second complementary connector components on first and second longitudinally extending edges thereof. The apparatus comprises at least one edge-to-edge connection between a first connector component of a first panel and a second connector component of a second panel wherein a primary male connector component of the second connector component of the second panel is extended into a primary female connector component of the first connector component of the first panel and a secondary male connector component of the first connector component of the first panel is extended into a secondary female connector component of the second connector component of the second panel.

A shell system for a building, facilitating internal bottom-up flow of air inside the shell system, the shell system includes a plurality of modular thermal panels, and connecting means for interconnecting the plurality of modular thermal panels or a portion thereof Each of the modular thermal panel includes an enclosed frame having two side faces, a top face and a bottom face, wherein two openings are formed in the frame's faces: a sealingly enclosed internal face and a sealingly enclosed external fac wherein an inner gap, filled with air, is formed between the internal face and the external face. At least one frame-opening is formed in each of the faces of the frame, allowing air to flow between adjacent modular thermal panels, that are sealingly interconnected, while allowing the inner air flow.

An enclosure for use as a walk-in freezer or refrigerator includes a first panel and a second panel connected to the first panel. Each of the first and second panels includes a body having a frame coupled to the body. The frame includes a beam of a first material and a jacket of a second material at least partially enclosing the beam. An interior edge of the frame is adjacent to the body. An exterior edge is defined by the jacket and defines a joint member. The joint member of the first panel defines a groove, and the joint member of the second panel defines a protrusion adapted to engage the groove of the joint member of the first panel. At least one joint member includes a deformable portion that compresses when the joint member of the first panel engages with the joint member of the second panel.

A building module which is a sandwich panel comprising a first region which provides part of the roof structure of a building, a second region which provides part of the wall structure of the building, and a third region which provides part of the floor structure of the building.

There is disclosed a method of constructing a building, comprising installing: wall structure of the building, the wall structure comprising a panel having opposed skins and a core within which extends at least one cavity; and a ceiling structure of the building, such that the ceiling structure is adjacent the wall structure, and the wall structure bounds a space at a side of the space and the ceiling structure bounds the space at a top of the space, and such that: the space is sheltered and/or isolated from the elements; and/or lock-up is attained in respect of said space, the method further comprising: thereafter installing at least one service line through at least one said cavity of said panel and/or installing at least one service line which comprises at least one said cavity of that panel; and thereafter installing a roof structure of the building over the ceiling structure, wherein a connector is secured between the wall structure and the ceiling structure to form therebetween a connection which is such that the connector engages both the ceiling structure and at least one of the skins so as to direct, to the skin(s) engaged thereby, loading exerted by the ceiling structure, and wherein said at least one said cavity is accessed through said connector and/or through said ceiling structure, to install the service line(s).

Modular wall panels having a frame of a plurality of frame components and at least one wall sheet affixed to the frame. Each frame component includes an outer surface with at least one aperture configured to receive and retain an insert therein. The apertures are also configured to permit a cable(s) to pass therethrough for running cables and such through the interior of the wall panel. The frame components may have angled ends, straight ends, or a combination thereof to collectively form a frame which may include corners. A wall system includes a plurality of such wall panels connected to one another along the outer surfaces of the frame components of their respective frames. Connectors and spacers may be inserted into the apertures as inserts and bridge between adjacent panels to selectively connect the panels. Caps may be placed in empty apertures to cover the openings for aesthetic purposes.

A joint member (1) for mechanically connecting a first panel (51) and a second panel (52) to each other has a body (20) equipped with at least four connecting portions (21, 22, 23, 24) each having a respective seat (31, 32, 33, 34) which receives a fixing element (5). The seats (31, 32, 33, 34) are spaced from each other and, in a plan view of the joint member (1), are positioned at the vertices of a quadrilateral. A first (21) and a second (22) of said connecting portions form a first pair of connecting portions, to be fixed to the first panel (51), whereas a third (23) and a fourth (24) of said connecting portions form a second pair of connecting portions, to be fixed to the second panel (52). Each connecting portion (21, 22, 23, 24) has a first face (41), which is facing the respective panel (51, 52) in use, and a second face (42), which is on an opposite side to the first face (41). Each seat (31, 32, 33, 34) is, or comprises, a through hole which extends between the first face (41) and the second face (42). The second face (42) of the first connecting portion (21) and the second face (42) of the third connecting portion (23) are on a same first side (25) of the body (20); the second face (42) of the second connecting portion (22) and the second face (42) of the fourth connecting portion (24) are on a same second side (26) of the body (20), opposite to the first side (25). An assembly (57) comprises a first panel (51), a second panel (52), at least one joint member (1) and a plurality of fixing elements (5). A wall (58) for a building or a floor for a building is formed by a plurality of panels (51, 52, 53) and comprises at least said assembly (57).

There is currently a demand for buildings that can be formed both quickly and economically. These buildings require the addition of heat insulation to walls or roofs because the materials from which they are otherwise formed have insufficient ability to protect against the cold. This can add undesirable expense and slow down production rates. A method is disclosed of forming a building that addresses this problem. The method comprises arranging a door frame, window frame or edge support frame at a mould and spraying a first spray material onto the outside of the mould so that the spray material sets generally in the shape of the mould and substantially embeds the frame. The first material and the frame is removed from the mould and a second different spray material is sprayed onto the first spray material to provide a skin therefor.

Connectors comprise a hollow or extruded body, studs integrated structural reinforcement, and receiving sockets for fastening to adjacent connectors. Connectors are placed at one or more locations on prefabricated panels to couple pre-fabricated panels together in the construction of a building. Connectors may anchor structural reinforcement internal to each panel to assist in distributing forces through the structure of the building. A reinforcing mesh may at least partially wrap around the structural reinforcement of a panel.

Foam insulation boards having an improved shiplap edge for interfacing with one another are disclosed.